- 學位論文
豬廢水營養源(氮及磷)隨著廢水處理程序變化
Nutrients(nitrogen and phosphorus)variation following pig wastewater treatment processes
摘要
當傳統的農戶變大為密集式動物飼養(Conentrated animal feedlot operations, CAFOs)時，過程中可能於末端產生大量畜牧廢棄物與畜牧廢水。而國內豬糞尿廢水處理一般都建議採用三段式豬糞尿處理程序，處理系統主要包含固液分離、厭氧(AN)醱酵及好氧(AE)處理，因此本研究目的為探討豬廢水處理程序營養鹽氮及磷的變化。 研究結果在液相總氮(TN)和總凱氏氮(TKN)濃度變化是相似的，皆在AN有最高的濃度分別為723±69 mg/L及719±69 mg/L，且NH4+在AN時並無明顯濃度升高的現象。而經由微生物轉化固相，因此固相TN及NH4+皆隨著程序皆有著濃度升高的趨勢，但AN程序時有著較低COD/TN比0.87±0.18，說明 AN系統中因碳源不足除氮困難，因此TN去除率並不高，僅為8.78 %。 總磷(TP)及有機磷(OP)隨著程序濃度變化趨勢上是相似的，在EQ時皆有較低濃度分別為100±101 mg/L及88±99 mg/L，無機磷(IP)則反之。在AN及AE時TP濃度皆為上升之趨勢分別為182±12 mg/L及191±8 mg/L，而 AN程序時有較高含量NO3-為51±37 mg/L，降低AN及AE程序除磷之能力，固相磷物種皆隨著程序皆有著濃度升高的趨勢，說明經由微生物轉化，使得固相濃度升高，但因上述原因使得TP去除率並不高為1.06 %。 另外EF時TN濃度為318±101 mg/L及TP濃度為EF196±4 mg/L，超出水體營養肥沃之含量，說明三段式處理程序後，仍有著造成鄰近水體優養化的隱憂。
並列摘要
When traditional farm operation become concentrated animal feedlot operations (CAFOs), large amounts of livestock waste and wastewater may be produced at the end. In Taiwan, pig wastewater treatment generally adopts a three-stage biological wastewater treatment process that the treatment system includes solid-liquid separation, anaerobic (AN) digestion and aerobic (AE) treatment. The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes of concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in a pig wastewater treatment system. The results showed total nitrogen (TN) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) concentrations had similar changes trend that the highest concentrations were in AN process 723 ± 69 mg/L and 719 ± 69 mg/L, respectively. In AN process, NH4+ concentration was no significant increase. Through microbial transformation of organic matters, both the TN and NH4+ solid phase have a increased tendency following with the treatment processes. However, a low COD/TN ratio of 0.87±0.18 in the AN process indicated that the carbon sources was insufficient for nitrogen removal in the AN processes, therefore, the TN removal rate was only 8.78%. Total phosphorus (TP) and organic phosphorus (OP) concentrations were similar in the treatment processes that lowest concentrations were in the EQ process, 100±101 mg/L and 88±99 mg/L, respectively but inorganic phosphorus (IP) had opposite trend. The TP concentrations in both AN and AE processes were 182±12 mg/L and 191±8 mg/L, respectively. In the AN process, the NO3- concentration was 51±37 mg/L higher than in other processes. In the AN and AE processes, liquid phosphorus had low removal ratios, but the phosphorus concentrations were increases in the solid phase due to organic matters were transferred by microbial . In total, the TP removal rate is was 1.06%. Among the liquid phase, discharge for the TN and TP were 318±101 mg/L and 196±4 mg/L, respectively. Therefore, if the wastewater in the farm was discharge may result in rich nutrient to the receiving water body.