土肉桂葉子萃取精油性質及產品開發

本研究探討土肉桂葉子萃取精油的性質，並利用萃取技術開發其產品，研究目的係將不同植株的土肉桂葉子，以微波萃取法快速萃取其精油，並分析其化學成分，比較其性質特色，使用水蒸氣蒸餾法大量萃取，透過問卷調查分析其市場趨勢，進而開發土肉桂相關產品。此研究樣區分別為兩個地點，一為南投縣竹山鎮德豐土肉桂農場，另一為屏東縣萬巒鄉土肉桂農場，分別取9棵及3棵不同株母樹進行葉子精油萃取試驗分析，其精油收率介在0.14~1.03 %，收率最高為德豐林場編號9之土肉桂，其收率為1.03 %，收率最低為萬巒土肉桂農場編號2號之土肉桂，其精油收率為0.14 %，其精油成分皆屬於桂皮醛品系，結果顯示，其不同品系之土肉桂並不會影響收率，然而桂皮醛的含量多寡會間接影響精油收率。而不同棵母株所萃取之精油其性狀也會有差異，精油顏色呈現晶瑩的黃色，但有深有淺，而味道也不同，推測影響精油甜味的成分為苯丙醛，影響辣味的為桂皮醛，影響苦味的為桂皮乙酸酯，而影響精油帶有油味的應為香豆素成分所致。為確保土肉桂之優良化學品係，需要使用無性繁殖的方式來延續母株的性狀，同時參考萬巒土肉桂農場所使用的高壓法，使用高壓法之幼苗不會顯現生長惰性、生長快速2年即可採收以及操作方法簡單，適合小農進行土肉桂之無性繁殖，保留優良品系。應用問卷調查分析之結果，土肉桂精油較不受大眾所喜愛，然而本研究所調配之綜合土肉桂味道最受民眾所接受，因此如要生產產品建議調配其味道後使用，或是利用此配方開發各式產品，目前開發的產品有純精油、土肉桂純露、茶包、洗髮精、防蚊液、手工皂以及蠟燭。【關鍵字】土肉桂、葉子精油、化學品系、微波萃取器、問卷調查、土肉桂產品開發

關鍵字

土肉桂；葉子精油；化學品系；微波萃取器；問卷調查；問卷調查、土肉桂產品開發

並列摘要

This study explored the properties of essential oil extracted from Cinnamomum osmophloeum. leaves. And use extraction technology to develop its products. The purpose of the research is to quickly extract the essential oils from different C. osmophloeum. leaves by Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction(SFME) and analyze their chemical composition. After comparing the properties features, using steamdistillation to extract. And through the questionnaire survey analysis of its market trends, in order to develop C. osmophloeum. products. 　　There are two sites in this research area, one is Defeng C. osmophloeum. forest farm in Zhushan Town, Nantou County, and the other is Pingtung County Wanluan Township C. osmophloeum. forest farm. Each 9 and 3 different mother plants were taken for leaf essential oil extraction test analysis. The yield was 0.14~1.03%. The highest yield was Defeng C. osmophloeum. farm No.9 with a yield of 1.03%. The lowest yield was Wanluan C. osmophloeum. forest farm field No. 2 with a yield of 0.14%. The analysis of the essential oil components belongs to the cinnamaldehyde type. The results shows that C. osmophloeum. of different chemical type does not affect the yield. However, the content of cinnamaldehyde will indirectly affect the essential oil yield. The properties of essential oils extracted from different tree plants may differ. The color of the essential oil is bright yellow, but it has deep and shallow, and the taste are different. It is speculated that the ingredient that affects the sweetness of the essential oil is Benzenepropanal, the one that affects the spice is cinnamaldehyde, and the one that affects bitterness is Cinnamyl acetate, and the one affect the essential oil with oil flavor should be caused by the coumarin component. 　　In order to preserve the chemical type of C. osmophloeum., it is necessary to use asexual reproduction to verify the traits of the mother plant. This study refers to the air layering method used in the Wanluan C. osmophloeum. plantation. Seedlings using air layering method do not shows growth inertia, the rapid growth can be harvested for 2 years. and the method of operation is simple. Suitable for small-holder farmer to carry out asexual reproduction of C. osmophloeum. and retain the excellent chemical type. 　　The results of the questionnaire analysis shows that C. osmophloeum. oil is not popular with the public, but the comprehensive C. osmophloeum. flavor of this study is most accepted by the public.Therefore, if you want to produce a product, it is recommended to use it after mixing its taste, or using this recipe to develop various products. The products currently being developed include pure essential oils, C. osmophloeum.hydrosol , tea bags, shampoos, mosquito repellents, handmade soaps, and candles. 【Keywords】Cinnamomum osmophloeum, leaf essential oil, chemotype, Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction, questionnaire, C. osmophloeum product development.