人力組裝線標準工時量測暨生產線平衡研究

許多電子業的後段或傳統製造業生產模式仍然採用傳統的人力組裝線，主要是因為人力組裝的彈性大，仍適用在今天以小批量生產為主的模式，如何降低人力組裝線的生產成本也成為台灣企業求生存的重要課題。本研究的主要目的是發展標準工時及直接人力成本公式，並透過合併工作站的方式找到人力組裝線最佳人力配置。簡單來說，小線的生產線平衡比較容易，同時作業員也會有較高的工作滿意度。本研究使用碼表及打卡測量標準工時，再應用本研究所推導之公式實際應用在製鎖生產線、散熱風扇製造，電源供應器及泵浦製造等產線都展現不錯的成果。

關鍵字

標準工時；生產線平衡；碼表法；打卡法

並列摘要

Assembly line is the major production way adopted at the final section of electronics industry or traditional manufacturing factories. The flexibility of assembly line is the major reason why factories with smaller batch of production adopted. To reduce costs for assembly lines is the key for existence for industries of Taiwan. The major purpose of the study is to construct standard time and direct labor cost formula for an assembly line in order to combines workstations and to find the best number of workers in an assembly line. To sum up, line with fewer workers has better line balancing and higher job satisfaction. The study adopted stopwatch and punch time card to measure or record standard time. Real cases such as lock assembly line, cooling fan manufacturing, power supply and pump making industries illustrated in the study using standard time formula and all obtained better results.