- 學位論文
設計雨型與流量歷線分析-以二仁溪流域為例
A study of Hyetograph design and Discharge Hydrograph in Erren River watershed
摘要
於台灣集水區內設計水土保持及水利相關工程時，常面臨無實測水文資料之情形，而需藉由水文分析相關分析，推估設計洪水，以作為工程設計之依據。 本研究以二仁溪集水區為研究區域，整理流域內1976年至2019年間年最大24、48小時共計44年時雨量資料，將降雨資料進行頻率分析，求取各重現期距設計暴雨量，根據歷年具代表性之降雨水文事件，依其降雨時間分布型態分析，採用常用設計雨型之推求方法平均法、分配法、同位序法建立設計雨型，將雨型分析結果以降雨-逕流模式中三角形單位歷線、瞬時單位歷線及無因次單位歷線，分析各重現期之洪峰流量，並將演算結果與實測流量資料比較其誤差，求得研究區域最適之洪峰流量。 頻率分析結果顯示，二仁溪流域最大24、48小時最適之機率分布為極端值Ⅰ型；最大24小時、48小時降雨型態以中峰型降雨為主；利用平均法、分配法、同位序法計算設計雨型，依工程目的需求不同，於推求排洪標準之流量以平均法雨型較佳，工程保護標準之流量則以同位序雨型較佳。
並列摘要
Designed soil and water conservation and hydraulic engineering related projects in Taiwan, it 's always hadn't enoagh hydrologic data by measured. However, it is necessary to estimate the design flood discharge, through the analysis of hydrological analysis as the basis of engineering design. This study have taken the Erren River watershed as the study area, consolidated the maximum 24 and 48 hours rainfall data during 1976 to 2019(about 44 year). Through the frequency of rainfall data analysed, to calculate the design storm rainfall from each flood return period. According to the representative rainfall hydrological events over the years. Analysis of the storm pattern characteristics of rainfall duration, the commonly used design rainfall pattern deduction method is used to establish the design rainfall pattern using the Huff method, the Allocation method, and the Identical ranking method. The design rainfall pattern analysis results are based on the triangular unit hydrograph, instantaneous unit hydrograph and dimensionless unit hydrograph in the rainfall-runoff model. Analyzed the flood peak flow in each return period, and comparing the calculation result with the measured flow data, obtained the optimal flood peak flow in the study area. Results from the frequency analysis display, it had found that the most suitable probability distribution was the Extreme Value Type Ⅰfor the maximum 24 and 48 hours in the Erren River watershed. The maximum 24-hour and 48-hour rainfall patterns are middle peak rainfall. Using the Huff method, Allocation method, and Identical ranking method to obtain the design rainfall pattern by error analysis. The Identical ranking method are better in the maximum 24-hour and 48-hour design rainfall patterns. Flood peak flow analysis combined with design rainfall pattern, according to the different needs of the project purpose, the Huff method is better for estimating the discharge standard, and the Identical ranking method is better for the protection standard.