- 學位論文
可可果殼化學成分及生物活性之研究
Studies on the Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of the Pericarps of Theobroma cacao
摘要
可可樹 (Theobroma cacao) 的果實具有治療貧血與舒緩情緒等民俗療效，相關研究證實可可果具抗氧化、抗菌與抗病毒等功效。本研究探討可可果殼甲醇層與乙酸乙酯層、正丁醇層與水層萃取物的抗氧化能力，以及總酚、總類黃酮與總三萜等活性成分含量測定，並進行萃取物的純化分離與結構鑑定。乾燥之可可果殼以甲醇浸泡萃取得到粗萃物，再利用分配萃取得到乙酸乙酯層、正丁醇層及水層萃取物。DPPH 自由基清除試驗結果顯示乙酸乙酯層與正丁醇層為具活性分層，其EC50分別為97.44 μg/mL 及 71.99 μg/mL。將乙酸乙酯層萃取物進行分離純化，利用管柱層析分為二十七個分液，續以重複管柱層析、高效液相層析以及再結晶法得到純化合物，經由核磁共振光譜分析並比對文獻確定化合物結構。共鑑定出八個已知化合物，包含二個三萜類：betulinic acid、alphitolic acid；一個芳香類：vanillic acid；一個黃酮類：luteolin；一個有機酸：succinic acid；兩個木酚素：4-ketopinoresinol、(+)-syringaresinol；一個固醇類：β-sitosterol。
並列摘要
The fruit of the cocoa tree (Theobroma cacao) has folk curative effects such as improving anemia and soothing emotions. Previous studies have confirmed that cocoa fruit has antioxidant, antibacterial and antiviral effects. This study investigated the antioxidant capacity of the methanol extract, ethyl acetate layer, n-butanol layer, and water layer of cocoa pericarps, as well as the determination of the content of active components such as total phenol, total flavonoids and total triterpenes. The purification of the extract was also carried out. The dried cocoa pericarps were soaked and extracted with methanol to obtain the crude extract. Through the partition extraction, the ethyl acetate layer, n-butanol layer and water layer of the extracts were obtained. The DPPH free radical scavenging test results showed that the ethyl acetate and n-butanol layers exhibited antioxidant activity with EC50 of 97.44 μg/mL and 71.99 μg/mL, respectively. The ethyl acetate layer extract was separated and purified, and divided into twenty-seven fractions by column chromatography, followed by repeated column chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, and recrystallization to obtain pure compounds, which were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and compared literature data to determine compound structures. Eight known compounds have been identified, including two triterpenoids, betulinic acid and alphitolic acid; one aromatic, vanillic acid; one flavonoid, luteolin; one organic acid, succinic acid; two lignins, 4-ketopinoresinol and (+)-syringaresinol; and one sterol, β-sitosterol.