三輪側傾機車之輔助直立懸吊設計

Design of an auxiliary upright suspension for three-wheeled tiltable motorcycle

阮炬瑋(JUAN CHU-WEI)

指導教授 ： 黃馨慧

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/車輛工程系所/碩士(2023年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST202300216

摘要

本研究藉由修改現有前二輪後一輪之三輪側傾機車之前懸吊設計，並新增一套輔助懸吊機構以協助車輛在低速行駛時提供保持直立之輔助力，協助保持車輛駐立，使騎士在使用上更為方便。首先，透過參考車種規劃出機構設計之空間，再參考汽車懸吊-雙A臂形式及F1的臥式避震器，進一步應用摩托車動力學來推算出適合的彈簧K值及所需之固定架硬點。設計完成後，將車輛匯入分析軟體SIMPACK中進行運動分析，確認結果達到原本設計預期。分析結果顯示車輛在低速時輔助懸吊能提供一定的支撐性且過彎時的龍頭扭矩也無異常升高，表示安裝此機構後雖會使操控阻力略上升，但能協助騎乘安全性及駐車的便利性。

關鍵字

三輪機車 ； 側傾機構設計 ； 摩托車動力學 ； SIMPACK

並列摘要

This study aims to modify the front suspension design of an existing three-wheeled tilting motorcycle with two front wheels and one rear wheel. Additionally, an auxiliary suspension mechanism is added to assist the vehicle in maintaining stability at low speeds and during stationary positions, making it more convenient for riders to use.
Firstly, the space design of the mechanism is planned according to the referencing vehicle. The double A-arm suspension design commonly found in automobiles and the horizontal shock absorber setup used in Formula 1 are taken into consideration for the suspension design. Further application of motorcycle dynamics is employed to calculate suitable spring stiffness and determine the necessary mount points.
Once the design is completed, the vehicle is imported into SIMPACK for motion analysis to confirm that the results meet the original design requirements. The analysis results demonstrate that the auxiliary suspension can provide sufficient support at low speeds and that there is no abnormal

increase in steering torque during cornering. This indicates that the installation of this mechanism may slightly increase the resistance during maneuvering but can assist in enhancing rider safety and parking convenience.

並列關鍵字

SIMPACK ； Tricycle ； Roll mechanism design ； motorcycle dynamics

參考文獻

[1]顏鴻森，2006，機械裝置的創意性設計，臺灣東華，台北。

[2]翁慶毓，2010，八連桿型硬頂敞篷之機構設計，碩士論文，國立屏東科技大學，車輛工程系，屏東。

[3]https://www.cycleworld.com/story/motorcycle-news/yamaha-tmax-tilting-trike/。YAMAHA TMAX Tilting Trike。

[4]Gani, M., Limebeer, D., Sharp, R., 1997, “Multi-body simulation Software in the Analysis of Motorcycle Dynamics.” IFAC Proceedings Volumes 30(8),227-232.

[5]Rajput, B.A., 2007, “A Simplified Motorcycle Model,” SAE Technical Paper, No.2007-01-0829.