- 學位論文
自行車坐管角度對女性騎乘表現之影響
The Effect of Bicycle Seat Tube Angle on Cycling Performance of Female
摘要
目的: 本研究探討不同身高女性 (150-155、155-165、165-175公分) 騎乘不同坐管角度 (70、72、74、76、78、80度) 對騎乘自行車之關節運動學、肌電活化與踩踏力量之影響。方法:本研究招募24名有自行車休閒騎乘經驗女性為受試者，利用三維動作分析系統及肌電感測儀和三軸測力踏板探討不同坐管角度對下肢運動學、肌電活化與踩踏力量之影響。統計方法使用二因子混合設計變異數分析進行分析，並使用Bonferroni法進行事後檢定，顯著水訂為 α=.05。結果:本研究發現僅膝關節具交互作用。150-155公分女性在坐管角度72與74度膝關節最小值大於角度78度；另外，150-155公分的騎乘者在角度74度的膝關節活動範圍大於155-165公分女性。此外，較小坐管角度有較高的脛前肌與腓腸肌肉活化。關節運動學部分，較小坐管角度有較大大髖關節角度、踝關節角度。另外。踩踏力量部分，155公分以下的女性有較155-165公分的女性有更大的前後軸踩踏力量，且較小坐管角度有較小的前後軸踩踏力量。150-155公分女性的踩踏力量有效性小於155-165公分女性 (70、76、78、80度)，另外對150-155和165-175公分女性來說騎乘較小坐管角度有較大踩踏力量有效性。結論:不同身高與坐管角度會影響女性騎乘自行車的運動表現，雖然體型較嬌小的女性較155-175公分女性有較低踩踏力量有效性，但是本研究發現較小坐管角度仍會有較佳踩踏力量有效性。本研究建議女性自行車之坐管角度應屆於70-74度之間。另外，未來也應探討身形嬌小的女性騎乘表現。
並列摘要
Purpose: This study investigates bicycle seat tube angle (STA) and female stature on changes in lower limb joint kinematics, muscle activations, and tri-axis pedaling force characteristics. Methods: Seat tube angles from 70 to 80 degree were adjusted on a Dynamic Cycling Fit (DCF) device at which 24 females pedaled to observe their lower limb joint kinematics, muscle activations and pedal force characteristics through an instrumented 3D motion analysis system, EMG, and tri-axis force pedal. Participants were divided into three stature groups: 150-155 cm, 155-165 cm, and 165-175 cm. A two-way mixed design ANOVA was carried out for statistical comparison, and a post hoc test was conducted using the Bonferroni method with a significance level of α = 0.05. Results: The interaction between satature and STA only took place at the knee joint where the 150-155cm group demonstrated larger knee flexion angle at the 72 and 74 STA compared to the 78 STA. These participants also exhibited a lager knee sagittal plane range of motion at 74 STA compared to the 155-165cm group. With regard to STA, a smaller STA would result in higher muscle activation of the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius. Additionally, larger hip joint flexion angle, smaller ankle plantarflexion and greater dorsiflexion angle were observed at smaller seat tube angle. Speaking of height, female cyclists who fall within the stature range of 150-155cm exhibited significantly lower pedal force effectiveness than the 155-165cm group at the various seat tube angles. Furthermore, smaller seat tube angles have resulted in higher pedal force effectiveness for the 150-155cm and the 165-175cm group. Conclusion: Body height and seat tube angle will influence lower limb biomechanics during pedaling. While shorter female cyclists may experience lower pedal force effectiveness, adjusting the seat tube angle can still enhance pedal force efficiency regardless of height. Based on our results, it is recommend that seat tube angle should range from 70 to 74 degree to optimize biomechanical performance for female cyclists during cycling. In addition, further investigation on petite female population should also be addressed.