- 學位論文
基於Web 3.0 IPFS技術之感測網協作平台設計與實作-以山羊牧場聯盟平台系統為例
Design and Implementation of a SensorWeb Collaboration Platform Based on Web 3.0 IPFS Technology - A Case of Goat Farm Alliance Collaboration Platform System
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摘要
物聯網為目前最重要的網路技術，也是新一代感知應用服務的基礎設施，但物聯網感測器功能與技術規格異質性高且多不相容，物聯網感測物件通常只能於單一平台上運作，因此有垂直孤島問題(Vertical Silo)，進而衍生物聯網碎片化、低交互操作性、單點失效及中心化管理效率差等問題，因此如使用開放式物聯網架構以解決上述技術議題，為建置一異質化物聯網整合系統(Heterogeneity Integration of IoT Systems)之關鍵。 本論文將結合Web of Things (WoT)標準框架、SensorThings API標準、IPFS分散式檔案系統及Web 3.0技術與去中心化架構，設計與實作一「Web 3.0感測網協作平台」(Web 3.0 SensorWeb Collaboration Platform, W3SCP)。基本研究方法為透過Web of Things (WoT)標準框架將每一個設備進行註冊，使每個設備都能夠以統一的資源接口相互溝通，不同設備之間能夠快速的共享資料和資源，本論文實作上採用公開SensorThings API標準，以及為了實現更高程度的互操作性，再經由導入Web 3.0的技術加入分散式雜湊表(Distributed Hash Table, DHT)、智能合約(Smart Contracts)、分散式檔案系統-星際檔案系統(InterPlanetary File System, IPFS)、以太坊(Ethereum)等技術，並藉由搭建一座智能合約橋梁，讓使用者能利用本論文之協作平台時能夠更快查詢與檢視資料，跨分散式節點網路儲存和共享資料給其他用戶，可以增加系統的可靠性和容錯能力，即使系統中的某個節點發生故障，其他具有相同資料的節點仍然可以提供服務。 本論文實作系統雛形透過應用於在地山羊養殖場實證所提出之研究方法。本論文之實作環境分為三個場域並使用不同的異質物聯網感測器，進行資源存取和管理以及蒐集來自這些感測器的多樣化資料，然後將這些資料內容分散儲存至不同IPFS網路的節點，當節點逐漸增多時，IPFS整體網路的效能和穩健性就會越好，幫助系統減少資源消耗，以應對物聯網生態中心化架構下之相關議題。最後實作成果驗證所提出之系統架構可以提供具有高可靠性、高效能的物聯網解決方案，有效解決單點失效與物聯網碎片化問題，並可以達到更高效率之協作和互操作性。
並列摘要
The Internet of Things (IoT) is currently one of the most important network technologies and serves as the infrastructure for the next generation of sensing application services. However, IoT sensors have high heterogeneity and incompatible functional and technical specifications, often operating only on a single platform, leading to the vertical silo problem. This results in IoT fragmentation, low interoperability, single point of failure, and poor efficiency of centralized management. Thus, using an open IoT architecture to address these technical issues is key to building a Heterogeneity Integration of IoT Systems. This thesis will integrate the Web of Things (WoT) standard framework, SensorThings API standard, IPFS distributed file system, and Web 3.0 technologies and decentralized architecture to design and implement a "Web 3.0 SensorWeb Collaboration Platform" (W3SCP). The basic research method involves registering each device through the Web of Things (WoT) standard framework so that each device can communicate with a unified resource interface, allowing for quick data and resource sharing between different devices. In practice, this thesis adopts the public SensorThings API standard and, to achieve higher interoperability, incorporates Web 3.0 technologies, including Distributed Hash Table (DHT), Smart Contracts, InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), and Ethereum. By building a smart contract bridge, users can quickly query and view data when using the collaborative platform proposed in this thesis, storing and sharing data across decentralized network nodes with other users. This enhances the system's reliability and fault tolerance since if one node fails, other nodes with the same data can still provide services. The prototype system of this thesis is applied in a local goat farm to demonstrate the proposed research method. The implementation environment is divided into three fields using different heterogeneous IoT sensors to access and manage resources and collect diverse data from these sensors. This data is then distributed and stored across different IPFS network nodes. As the number of nodes increases, the performance and robustness of the entire IPFS network improve, helping the system reduce resource consumption and address issues related to centralized IoT architectures. Finally, the implementation results verify that the proposed system architecture can provide a highly reliable and high-performance IoT solution, effectively solving single point of failure and IoT fragmentation issues, and achieving more efficient collaboration and interoperability.
參考文獻
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