石斑魚骨鈣質吸收應用與實驗設計

石斑魚為台灣重要經濟魚種之一，隨著內外銷市場需求改變，以快速、健康與便利為主，活魚販售型態轉變成魚排、魚塊等冷鏈加工模式，過程會產生大量副產物，以下腳料與廢棄物為處理方式，缺乏經濟利用方式。魚骨無機物成分以磷酸鈣與氫氧基磷灰石所組成，結構與人體骨骼相似，適合作為鈣質補充，但其粒徑大小影響吸收率。市售補鈣保健產品，只標示鈣含量，吸收率則標示不清。本研究以石斑魚加工副產物魚頭骨為研究對象，開發高溫高壓萃取技術，提升副產物利用率，並以天然鈣質補充原料為發展目標。本研究設計萃取實驗參數，建立萃取作業流程，並進行粒徑檢驗分析及吸收率之動物實驗，以作為後續開發補鈣原料應用之依據，實驗結果以140℃為最佳溫度參數，得出最小粒徑尺寸，經動物實驗結果有助於鈣質吸收及利用。

關鍵字

石斑魚骨粉；動物實驗；磷酸鈣

並列摘要

Grouper is an economic fish in Taiwan. Shifting market demands have moved from live fish sales to processed products like fillets and nuggets, emphasizing speed, health, and convenience under a cold chain model. Such transitions generate substantial byproducts such as fish heads and bones, which were often considered ways of low-value. Fish bones are rich of tri-calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite, similar to human bones, making them ideal for calcium supplements. However, their particle size critically affects absorption rates. Commercial calcium supplements typically only specify calcium content, neglecting absorption rates. This study focuses on creating high-temperature with high-pressure powdering techniques for grouper fish head bones to become natural calcium supplement ingredients. Experimentation, including particle size analysis and animal absorption rate studies, identifies 140°C as the optimal extraction temperature, yielding finer particles that enhance calcium absorption. These findings pave the way for further utilization and application of calcium supplement materials derived from grouper fish processing byproducts.