高雄美濃客家庄聖君爺信仰之研究

高雄市美濃區在臺灣光復初期主要以農業為主，後因加入菸葉種植生產，進而帶動經濟復甦而聞名全臺。在經濟富裕後，居民對於宗教信仰更加堅定，秉持著「崇拜祖先、維護傳統」的信念，陸續增建廟宇以供後世子孫祭祀。臺灣南部客家宗教信仰中，常見有伯公、義民廟和三山國王等，但聖君爺之廟宇卻很少見，甚至有的客家人並不知道「聖君爺」的信仰。本研究注意到美濃客庄有五間供奉「張、蕭、劉、連」四聖君的廟宇，是南部客家族群信奉聖君爺的主要地域。本研究蒐集美濃五座聖君爺廟宇的歷史沿革，及其相關口述傳說，再運用訪談及觀察法來瞭解當地居民對聖君爺信仰的認知與想法，希望藉此能夠為客家宗教信仰之研究盡一份綿薄之力。

關鍵字

美濃；客家；聖君爺；法主公；民間信仰

並列摘要

Meinong District in Kaohsiung City was mainly engaged in agriculture in the early days of Taiwan's liberation. Later, it joined tobacco planting and production, which in turn led to economic recovery and became famous throughout Taiwan. As the economy became more and more prosperous, residents became more determined in their religious beliefs. Adhering to the belief of "worshiping ancestors and maintaining traditions," they gradually built more temples for future generations to worship. Hakk are ligious beliefs in southern Taiwan include Tuigong Temple, Yimin Temple or Sanshan King Temple, etc; but temples such as Siin Giun Ia Palace are. Some Hakkas even do not know the belief in "Siin Giun Ia". This study noticed that there are five temples in Meinong Hakka Village, all of which worship the four Siin Giun Ia "Zhang, Xiao, Liu and Lian". They are the main area where the Hakka people in the south believe in the Siin Giun Ia. This study collects the historical evolution of the five Siin Giun Ia temples in Meinong and related oral legends,and then uses interviews and observation methods to understand the local residents’ understanding and thoughts on the Siin Giun Ia faith; it is hoped that this can also provide insights into Hakka religion. Do my best in the study of faith.