- 學位論文
汽車責任保險投機性投保行為之實證分析
The Empirical Analysis of Speculative Insurance Behavior in Auto Liability Insurance
摘要
本研究以台灣某一大型產險公司2013-2014年投保車體險保單的承保與理賠資料，探討高風險的被保險人是否以低廉保費的超額責任險來取代昂貴的任意第三人責任險，而導致投機性投保行為。研究結果顯示，多數投保超額責任險的被保險人不僅會有較高的風險，且會投保較低保額的任意第三人責任險。由於超額責任險的保費遠比任意第三人責任險的保費低廉，此現象說明，高風險者可藉由投保超額責任險來規避較高的保費支出，並同時享有較高的保障，顯示保險公司在保費訂價存在不公平問題。另一方面，研究也發現，少部分投保超額責任險的被保險人同時也投保較高額的任意第三人責任險，顯示市場存在一部份的風險趨避者。整體研究結果說明，多數投保超額責任險的被保險人存在投機性投保行為。因此，訂定適當的任意第三人責任險投保門檻，以及針對被保險人的實質風險訂定公平保費，應有助於防範此種投機性投保行為。
並列摘要
This study examines the underwriting and claims data of automobile physical damage insurance policies issued by a major property insurance company in Taiwan for the years 2013-2014. It investigates whether high-risk policyholders opt for excess liability insurance at lower premiums to replace expensive third-party liability insurance, leading to speculative insurance behaviors. The results indicate that the majority of policyholders who purchase excess liability insurance not only have higher risks but also tend to insure themselves with lower coverage amounts of third-party liability insurance. In light of the significantly lower premiums associated with excess liability insurance compared to those of third-party liability insurance, this phenomenon suggests that individuals with higher risk profiles may mitigate higher premium expenditures by opting for excess liability insurance while concurrently enjoying enhanced coverage, thereby indicating inequities in premium pricing practices by insurers. On the other hand, this study also revealed that a minority of policyholders who purchase excess liability insurance simultaneously opt for higher coverage amounts of third-party liability insurance, indicating the presence of a segment of risk-averse individuals in the market. The comprehensive findings of this study indicate the presence of speculative insurance behaviors among the majority of policyholders who purchase excess liability insurance. Consequently, the establishment of appropriate thresholds for third-party liability insurance coverage, as well as the fair determination of premiums based on policyholders' actual risks, should aid in mitigating such speculative insurance practices.