- 學位論文
乾燥玫瑰萃取物美白及抑菌功效評估
Assessment of Whitening and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Dried Rosa Rugosa Extract
摘要
玫瑰(Rosa rugosa)花除觀賞價值外，近年來市面上有許多玫瑰美容產品，標榜具保濕、抗老化或舒緩壓力功效。玫瑰花含多酚(polyphenols)、類黃酮(flavonoids)、酚酸類(phenolic acid)、單寧酸(tannic acid)和多醣(polysaccharide)等成分，其中多酚和類黃酮已被證實具抑菌及美白之能力，本研究目的為評估乾燥玫瑰萃取物之抑菌及美白功效。研究以熱水萃取物(Rosa rugosa extracted with hot water, HWRR)、50%乙醇萃取物(Rosa rugosa extracted with 50% ethanol, EERR50)及95%乙醇萃取物(Rosa rugosa extracted with 95% ethanol, EERR95)評估總酚及類黃酮含量，並測定其DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)自由基清除能力、亞鐵離子螯合能力(ferrous ion chelating activity)和抑制酪胺酸酶(tyrosinase)能力，並依「化粧品微生物容許量基準表」中規定不得檢出之大腸桿菌(Escherichia coli, ATCC 25922)、綠膿桿菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ATCC 2753)、金黃色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus, ATCC 29123)及白色念珠菌(Candida albicans, ATCC 29123)四種菌株進行最小抑菌濃度(minimal inhibitory concentration, MIC)試驗評估。結果顯示總酚含量以EERR95(412.46 mg GAE/g)最高，總類黃酮含量最高為HWRR(41.41 mg QE/g)。在抗氧化及美白試驗結果顯示，EERR50有較佳之DPPH清除自由基能力(IC50=0.34 mg/mL)及亞鐵離子螯合能力(IC50=10.81 mg/mL)，抑制酪胺酸酶能力(EC50=0.12 mg/mL)則是EERR95具有較好之結果。MIC實驗中，三種萃取方式對大腸桿菌效果相當(MIC為2.31 mg/mL)；EERR95對金黃色葡萄球菌效果最佳(MIC為2.31 mg/mL)；EERR50對白色念珠菌效果最佳(MIC為2.31 mg/mL)；因綠膿桿菌對乙醇敏感，僅測得HWRR之MIC為2.31 mg/mL。綜合以上結果，乾燥玫瑰花萃取物對四種菌株均具抑菌效果。本研究以乾燥玫瑰花為試驗材料，冀望研究結果能提供產業界開發乾燥花做為天然植萃保養品之參考。
並列摘要
Rosa rugosa flowers serve more than just an ornamental purpose. In recent years, numerous rose skin care products claiming to be moisturizing, anti-aging, or stress-relieving function. Rosa rugosa flower contain polyphenols, flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannic acid, and polysaccharides. In previous studies, polyphenols and flavonoids have been proven to possess whitening and antibacterial properties. The purpose of this study was to assess the whitening and antimicrobial efficacy of dried Rosa rugosa flower hot water extract (HWRR), 50% ethanol extract (EERR50), and 95% ethanol extract (EERR95). Additionally, the study determined their ability to scavenge DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radicals, chelate ferrous ions, and inhibit tyrosinase activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test was conducted on four strains that could not be detected, as stipulated in the "Cosmetic Microbial Tolerance Standard Table", including Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 2753), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29123), and Candida albicans (ATCC 29123).The results showed that EERR95 (412.46 mg GAE/g) had the highest total phenolic content, while HWRR (41.41 mg QE/g) had the highest total flavonoid content. EERR50 exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity, as evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging and ferrous ion chelation. Furthermore, EERR95 (EC50=0.12 mg/mL) exhibited a higher ability to inhibit tyrosinase compared to HWRR and EERR50. In the MIC test, all three extraction methods had similar effects on Escherichia coli (MIC was 2.31 mg/mL). EERR95 had the best effect on Staphylococcus aureus (MIC was 2.31 mg/mL), and EERR50 had the best effect on Candida albicans (MIC was 2.31 mg/mL). However, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was sensitive to ethanol, with only HWRR detected at a MIC of 2.31 mg/mL. Overall, our findings suggest that dried Rosa rugosa flower extracts exhibit antibacterial effects on all four strains. The experimental material for this study is dried Rosa rugosa flowers. It is hoped that the research results can provide a reference for the industry to develop dried flowers as natural plant-extracted skin care products.