經濟壓力、子女陪伴對志願役官士兵留營意願之研究-以某後勤單位為例

募兵制為目前國軍因應現行國家政策參考他國經驗，從徵兵制逐年轉變而來，部隊中的義務役官兵亦因政策轉變已全數是志願役，且編制數亦朝「小而精、小而強、小而巧」發展，武器裝備更是精良，但隨著編制數的縮減，任務不減反增的情況下，志願役常處於高工作壓力的狀態下，至使志願役於役期將屆時出現留退意願選擇，而士、官、兵是國軍部隊的骨幹，所以如何把優秀的人才長留久用繼續為國服務，是推動募兵制的關鍵。現代生活水平的提高，生活節奏加快，人們的壓力也越來越大，產生壓力的方面也越來越多了。房貸、車貸、結婚生子、工作壓力、教育問題等等。本研究係針對志願役官兵在生活中的經濟壓力與任務之餘是否有足夠的時間陪伴子女成長對個人對留營意願之間的關係，以得知志願役士官兵真實的感受。本研究針對陸軍某後勤部隊志願役士官兵實施電子式問卷調查，共回收165份問卷，刪除無效問卷10份，有效問卷155份，並透過主觀認知敘述性分析、獨立樣本T檢定、單因子變異數分析及迴歸統計方法，驗證各構面對留營意願的關係，以建立具有學術基礎理論的依據，提供國軍各單位招募社會青年或鼓勵現役士官兵留營之參考。本研究結論如下：一、經濟壓力對留營意願有顯著正相關。二、子女陪伴對留營意願有顯著正相關。三、個人因素對經濟壓力、子女陪伴、留營意願有部分顯著正相關。基於本研究發現，經濟壓力是影響官士兵留營意願最主要的考量因素，但子女陪伴亦是自願役官士兵考量因素之一，但並不是留營是否的關鍵影響因素，顯見爾後國防政策可以在薪資待遇及相關福利補助軍眷照顧多些著墨，相信可以有效的提升志願役官士兵的留營意願。

關鍵字

經濟壓力；子女陪伴；志願役；留營意願

並列摘要

The recruitment system is the current national policy of the Ministry of Defense reference the experience of other countries, transformed from conscription, volunteer service in the army has also been changed to voluntary service, and the scale of the development is "small and fine, small and strong, small and smart" development, weaponry is even better, but the reduction in the number of establishments, mission increases without reduction, volunteers are often under high work pressure, willing to choose to stay in voluntary service, sergeants, officers, and soldiers are the backbone of the army, so how to retain excellent talents and continue to serve the country, is the key to promoting recruitment. Improvement of modern living standards, faster life, people’s pressure is also increasing, there are more and more stress-generating aspects, mortgages, car loans, marriage and children, work stress, education issues, volunteer officers and soldiers whether there is enough time to accompany the children in the economic stress and tasks in life relationship between individuals' willingness to stay, volunteer military Shiguan bing to know the true feelings. This study conducted an electronic questionnaire survey of volunteer officers and soldiers in an army logistics unit, a total of 165 questionnaires were recovered, deleted 10 invalid questionnaires and 155 valid questionnaires, narrative analysis through subjective cognition, Independent sample T test, single factor variation analysis and regression statistical methods, verify the relationship between the organizations' willingness to stay in camps, to establish the basis of academically basic theories, provide references for the National Army units to recruit young people in society or to encourage active sergeants to stay in camps, the conclusions of this study are as follows: 1. Economic pressure is significantly related to the willingness to stay in camps. 2. Child Companionship is significantly related to the willingness to stay in camps. 3. Personal factors are significantly related to economic pressure, child companionship, and willingness to stay in camp. Based on the findings of this study, economic pressure is the most important factor affecting the willingness of officers and soldiers to stay in camps, but child companionship is also one of the considerations for volunteer officers and soldiers, but it is not a key factor in determining whether to stay, it is obvious that later national defense policies can pay more attention to salary treatment and related benefits to subsidize military families, I believe it can effectively enhance the willingness of volunteer officers and soldiers to stay in camps.