動畫電影改版之觀影體驗情感及滿意度之研究-以迪士尼小美人魚為例

當「迪士尼」宣佈將動畫翻拍成真人版電影後，總會引發影迷廣大熱議，筆者注意到真人角色的造型，以及演員自身的種族、膚色等，皆會影響觀眾的觀影期待和意願。若沒有按照原動畫版本還原角色，便會使觀眾產生與原作認知不符，導致在觀賞真人版電影過程中，造成心理不適、無法集中注意力、容易出戲等狀況。比如《小美人魚》該部真人版電影在選角時就引來不少爭議，原作動畫將「愛麗兒」設定為紅髮白膚的美人魚，而真人版的主演為非裔演員，使大部分的觀眾質疑迪士尼為追求“政治因素＂而崩毀觀眾童年，並且皆戴著有色眼鏡在批評這部電影。《小美人魚》這個故事在 1989 年的動畫版中有鋪成很多有趣的地方，然而真人版卻沿用了動畫版的簡單情節並結合現代的科技技術，以及政治正確選角，調整出與觀眾認知不同的作品，如今採用 2023 年的觀看標準，顯然不符合現代觀眾的觀看標準，使現代觀眾自然會排斥它。因此，本研究以「小美人魚動畫版與真人版電影差異」作為文本分析研究框架，來瞭解動畫電影與真人電影這兩種不同媒體形式，對「小美人魚真人版電影」這部作品的呈現有何差異性，為傳播學術，如:電影製片人、編劇、導演、動畫師、電影評論家、文化研究學者、教育工作者，今後製作翻拍真人版、小說、漫畫、遊戲等電影提供參考。

關鍵字

迪士尼；小美人魚；動畫電影；真人版電影；文本分析

並列摘要

When "Disney" announces that it would adapt an animation as a live-action film, it invariably sparks passionate debate among moviegoers. The author has discovered that the look of the live-action characters, as well as the performers' ethnicity and skin color, influence the audience's expectations and readiness to watch the film. If the characters are not restored in accordance with the original animation version, the audience's impression will be inconsistent with the original work, resulting in psychological discomfort, inability to concentrate, and an increased likelihood of drama when viewing the live-action film. The 1989 animated adaptation of "The Little Mermaid" contains several intriguing elements. However, the live-action version retains the simple narrative of the cartoon version while using current technology and politically correct casting to appeal to the audience's awareness. Although different works are recognized to be different, the watching criteria of 2023 have now been accepted, which clearly do not fit the viewing requirements of present audiences, so they will automatically reject it. This study uses "the difference between the animated version of The Little Mermaid and the live-action movie" as a text analysis research framework to understand the two different media forms of animated movies and live-action movies, as well as how to present the work "The Little Mermaid live-action movie." In the future, communication academics such as film producers, screenwriters, directors, animators, film reviewers, cultural studies researchers, and educators will use the difference to create remakes of live-action versions, books, comics, games, and other films.