- 學位論文
社區老人人格特質與社會支持影響孤寂感相關因素之探討-以高雄市美濃區為例
The Factors Affecting the Loneliness of Personality and Social Support in the Community- A Case Study of Mei Nung District in Kaohsiung City
摘要
本研究旨在探討老人的人格特質、社會支持與老人孤寂感的相關性。以立意取樣方式，選取年齡65歲以上、在高雄美濃為本研究對象，共得有效樣本196人。研究結果可供老人心理衛生照顧之參考，以利規劃合宜的老人福利服務的傳遞路徑，提昇美濃區老人生活品質。問卷內容包含UCLA寂寞量表、人格特質量表及社會支持量表；以SPAWS for Windows release 18.0 進行資料處理及統計分析。研究結果發現：一、在人口特質方面，族群、婚姻狀況、子女數、居住情形、經濟狀況、罹患白內障慢性疾病、喝酒習慣、運動習慣等變項，在社會支持上呈現顯著差異。二、老人獲得社會支持的來源，以非正式支持系統中「家庭成員」重要度最高，其次為「鄰居朋友」；社會支持越高，其整體社區老人孤寂感越低。三、檢視孤寂感與人格特質之間的關係，發現孤寂感與「神經質」、「外向性」、「謹慎性」、「友善性」分數呈現顯著負相關。整體而言，人格特質越正向，其孤寂感則愈低。「社會支持」、「人格特質」為影響社區老人的孤寂感關鍵因子。美濃社區老人在人格特質上屬正向、社會支持上是屬於良好程度，其整體孤寂感是低程度。
並列摘要
The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of personality traits, social support and loneliness of Community-Dwelling elderly. With the intention of sampling, the age of 65 or older was selected, and Mei Nung District Kaohsiung was the subject of the study. A total of 196 valid samples were obtained. The results of the study can be used as a reference for mental health care for the elderly so as to facilitate the planning of the appropriate delivery path for elderly welfare services and improve the quality of life for elderly people in the Mino district. The questionnaire contained UCLA Loneliness Scale, Personality Quality Scale and Social Support Scale. Data processing and statistical analysis were conducted using SPAWS for Windows release 18.0. The study found that: 1. In the aspect of population traits, ethnic groups, marital status, number of children, living conditions, economic conditions, suffering from chronic diseases of cataracts, drinking habits, exercise habits, etc., have shown significant differences in social support. 2. the elderly have access to the source of social support. In the informal support system, “family members” have the highest degree of importance, followed by “neighbor friends.” The higher the social support, the lower the sense of loneliness of the entire community. 3. Examining the relationship between loneliness and personality traits, we found a significant negative correlation between loneliness and “neurological,” “extroversion,” “careful,” and “friendly” scores. Overall, the more positive the personality traits, the lower their sense of loneliness. "Social support" and "personality traits" are the key factors affecting the sense of loneliness of the elderly in the community. The elderly in the Mei Nung community are positive in terms of personality traits and social support is a good degree, and their overall sense of loneliness is low.