學齡前獨生子女與非獨生子女利社會行為之比較

本研究主要目的在於：（一）瞭解獨生子女之利社會行為表現的情（二）瞭解非獨生子女之利社會行為表現的情形。（三）探討獨生子與獨生女在利社會行為表現之差異情形。本研究選取台南市某公立國小附幼，八位混大班的獨生子女與非獨生子女為研究對象。採用觀察法，以觀察事件的取樣方法，經由三個月觀察，做錄影分析，並以次數為單位劃記類別與內容。並以非正式訪談法訪談老師。得到如下結論：（一）獨生子女之利社會行為表現情形 1.獨生子與獨生女在利社會行為總體表現，最高是分享行為，其餘依序為幫助、合作、公德心與關懷等行為類型。 2.獨生子與獨生女在利社會行為差異表現，獨生子在利社會行為的分享、幫助、合作與公德心等行為類型比獨生女多；獨生女則在關懷行為類型比獨生子多。（二）非獨生子女之利社會行為表現情形 1.非獨生子與非獨生女在利社會行為總體表現，最高是分享與幫助等行為，其餘依序為合作、關懷與公德心等行為類型。 2.非獨生子與非獨生女在利社會行為差異表現，非獨生子在利社會行為的分享、合作、關懷等行為類型比非獨生女多；非獨生女則在幫助、公德心等行為類型比非獨生子多。（三）獨生子女與非獨生子女在利社會行為表現之比較 1.獨生子女與非獨生子女在利社會行為總體表現，最高是分享行為，其餘依序為幫助、合作、公德心與關懷等行為類型。 2.獨生子女與非獨生子女在利社會行為之差異表現，非獨生子女在分享、幫助、合作與關懷等行為類型比獨生子女多；但在公德心行為，獨生子女與非獨生子女是沒有差異的。

關鍵字

獨生子女；非獨生子女；利社會行為

並列摘要

The primary goal of this research lies in:1.Understanding the prosocial behavior towards the society of the one child; 2.Understanding the prosocial behavior towards the society of thenon-only child; 3.Investigating the difference in the prosocial behavior between the one child and non-only child. This study selected the Tainan City at a public elementary school with kindergarten. Eight one child and non-only child from the mix-aged senior class were chosen as subjects. Observation method was adopted to obtain the event sampling method. Video recording is analyzed and number of times is the unit of categories and content. With three months of observation, the following result is obtained: I.The prosocial behavior towards the society of the one child 1.The prosocial behavior to the society of boys and girls only child mostly takes the form of sharing,secondly is the helping behavior, and thirdly cooperating and civic-minded behavior, and finally caring behavior. 2.The prosocial behavior to the society of one child boys tend to outweigh the girls counterpart in sharing, helping, cooperating, and civic-minded behavior; as for the girls one child tend to outperform the boys in caring behavior. Π.The prosocial behavior towards the society of the non-only child 1.The benefiting behavior to the society of boys and girls non-only child mostly focus in sharing and helping behavior, followed by cooperative behavior, then caring behavior and finally civic-minded behavior. 2.The difference between the prosocial the behavior to the society between the non-only child boys and girls is that the boys outperform the girls in terms of sharing, cooperating, caring; on the other hand, the girls outperform the boys in terms of helping, civic-minded behavior. III.The difference in prosocial the society behavior between the one child and non-only child 1.The total prosocial behavior performance toward the society of one and non-only child with highest scores in the sharing behavior, followed by helping behavior, then cooperating behavior and lastly civic-minded and caring behavior. 2.The difference in prosocial behavior toward the society between one and non-only child is that the non-only child outperforms the one child in sharing, helping, cooperating, and caring behavior except for the civic-minded behavior is when there is no difference between the one child and the non-only child.