基督信仰轉化童年關係失落經驗對成人的影響之歷程──以父母離婚／分居者為例

現代社會單親家庭比例持續升高，加上研究者自身的成長經驗，本研究旨在了解：在童年時期經歷過父母因為離婚或分居，而使其中一方或雙方離開家庭的成年人們，在這樣的經驗中受到什麼樣長期的影響；以及這些成年人在有了基督信仰後，這個信仰是怎麼幫助成年人們轉化這些看似負面的經驗的過程，和信仰帶來了哪些實際上的改變。本研究深入訪談了四名31歲至50歲的基督徒，並以詮釋現象學分析訪談內容。研究結果得知：童年經歷過關係失落會影響一個人的內在狀態、外在表現與靈性，包含自我價值低落、缺乏安全感、對「家庭」的概念模糊或不完整、被迫獨立自主、更追求外在成就，對人際和親密關係的互動方式與上帝的概念等也都有不同程度或面向的影響。但當有了基督信仰之後，個人因為教會活動、聚會講道、閱讀聖經、向上帝禱告等，而對過去經驗有更多的理解、對其所帶來的影響也有更多覺察，進而能從信仰的角度將童年關係失落的事件合理化、從中找到益處、得到身分的改變，藉此消解苦難帶來的影響，之後提升了自我價值、得到心靈的平靜、與家人和好、改善人際與親密關係以及有信仰這一樣新的生命重心或生命目標。除此之外，本研究也發現要得到轉化的核心關鍵，是個人要對他人或某種有「超越性」的力量、對象保有「開放性」。若能更了解如何提高個人的開放度，相信能在傳福音或人追求內在成長、改變的路上帶來更多更有效的方法。

關鍵字

基督信仰；童年關係失落；轉化歷程；父母離婚／分居

並列摘要

The proportion of single-parent families in modern society continues to rise. And the researcher grew up in single-parent family also. This study aims to understand the long-term effects on adults who, during their childhood, experienced their parents' divorce or separation, leading one or both parents to leave the family. Additionally, the study seeks to explore how the Christian faith assists these adults in transforming what may seem like negative experiences and what practical changes faith brings about. In-depth interviews were conducted with four Christian individuals aged 31 to 50, and the interview content was analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. The findings reveal that experience of relationship loss during childhood affects a person's internal state, external behaviors, and spirituality. This impact includes diminished self-worth, a lack of security, a vague or incomplete concept of "family", forced independence, a heightened pursuit of external achievements, and varying degrees or facets of influence on interpersonal relationships and the concept of God. However, with the acceptation of the Christian faith and because of church activities, sermon gatherings, Bible reading, and praying to God, individuals gain a deeper understanding of their past experiences and increased awareness of the effects of the of relationship loss. From a faith perspective, they can rationalize childhood relational losses, find benefits, undergo identity changes, dissolve the impact of hardship, and subsequently enhance self-worth, attain inner peace, reconcile with family, improve interpersonal and intimate relationships, and establish a new life focus or purpose through faith. Furthermore, the study identifies a core key to transformation, emphasizing that individuals must maintain an "openness" towards others or some transcendent force or entity. Understanding how to enhance personal openness is believed to offer more effective methods in the journey of spreading the gospel and pursuing inner growth and change.