血液透析膜的生物相容性

Biocompatibility of Hemodialysis Dialysis Membranes

唐紹瑜(Shao-Yu Tang) ； 郭克林(Ko-Lin Kuo)

《腎臟與透析》 35卷3期 (2023/09) Pp. 133-137

https://doi.org/10.6340/KD.202309_35(3).0006

摘要

血液透析治療過程中，血液和人造醫材間會產生交互作用，人工腎臟的透析膜受到其化學和物理特性，與血液接觸後呈現不同生物相容性，扮演最關鍵性的角色。若人工腎臟的設計和透析膜的生物相容性不佳，可能造成：白血球活化、補體活化、細胞激素活化、血小板活化導致凝血機制啟動，並在臨床中觀察到例如胸悶、透析中低血壓、人工腎臟明顯卡血等情況。目前透析膜分為纖維素膜、半合成膜和合成膜，其中合成膜有較佳的生物相容性，為臨床上主要使用的透析膜材質首選項目。

關鍵字

生物相容性 ； 血液透析 ； 透析膜

並列摘要

During the process of hemodialysis treatment, interactions occur between blood and artificial medical materials. For instance, the dialysis membrane of an artificial kidney, also known as a hemodialyzer, exhibits different degrees of biocompatibility with blood due to its chemical and physical properties upon contact. This makes the dialysis membrane of the hemodialyzer play a pivotal role. Poor overall design of the hemodialyzer and low biocompatibility of the dialysis membrane can lead to various issues in hemodialysis patients. These issues may include white blood cell activation, complement activation, cytokine activation, platelet activation leading to coagulation cascade initiation, and various related issues, including chest tightness, low blood pressure during dialysis, and noticeable blood clotting in artificial kidneys, have been observed in clinical practice. Currently, dialysis membranes used in hemodialyzer are categorized as cellulose membranes, semi-synthetic membranes, and synthetic membranes. Among these, synthetic membranes offer superior biocompatibility, making them the first choice in clinical applications.

並列關鍵字

biocompatibility ； hemodialysis ； dialysis membrane