古名「生化湯」原方之藥物組成、劑量與適應症

生化湯是常見的產後中醫調理方劑，產後氣血損傷，理宜大補，但惡露未盡，生化湯以「行中有補，化中有生」的中藥藥理，攻瘀無損元氣，補而不滯，為運用廣泛的產後聖藥。名為「生化湯」的處方在歷代中醫婦產科相關典籍中，其藥物組成、劑量與煎煮方法不盡相同，本研究收集並分析唐代至清代婦產科相關典籍共二十四本，總計統整出二十八帖名稱為「生化湯」原方之處方，分析方中各組成藥物的每日劑量與炮製、煎煮溶劑、使用時機與適應症，研究結果發現歷代婦產科典籍的生化湯最常見之藥物組成除了當歸、川芎、桃仁、黑薑、炙甘草之外，還有加入益母草、熟地黃、香附等藥物，炮製方式大多以水加酒作煎煮溶劑。使用時機有一半運用於產後例行保養；另一半為產後疾病症狀治療，包含腹痛、惡露不下、胞衣不下、血塊、產門不閉。

關鍵字

生化湯；組成；劑量；適應症；產後

並列摘要

Sheng-Hua-Tang is formula used to help the recovery of women after delivery. Postpartum women suffer from qi and Blood-deficiency after childbirth; however, tonifying should not be applied due to the unexpelled lochia. Based on the pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Sheng Hua Tang activates Qi and Blood, as well as tonifies the Blood. Therefore, it activates blood stasis without damaging qi and tonifying without bogging down. Sheng-Hua-Tang can be described as a widely used formula postpartum. In ancient books of TCM-obstetrics and gynecology, the composition, dosage, and processing of Sheng-Hua-Tang vary from one book to another. In this study, we collected twenty-four ancient books of TCM-obstetrics and gynecology from Tang Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, analyzing twenty-eight formulas which were specifically named ＂Sheng-Hua-Tang＂. We systematically summarized the following aspects of formulas: compositions, daily dosage, processing, decoction solvent, and indications. The results showed that the most common compositions of Sheng-Hua-Tang are Danggui, Chuanxiong, Taoren, black Ginger, and fried Gancao; furthermore, some books also recorded additional Chinese herbs such as Yimucao, steamed Dihuang, and Xiangfu. Most formulas were decocted in the mixture of water and wine. Half of the Sheng-Hua-Tang formula were used for regular postpartum care, and the other half were used for the treatment of postpartum symptoms, including abdominal pain, retained lochia, retained placenta, blood clots, and uterine subinvolution.