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從臨床醫學影像取像的角度分析心臟上方主要血管、氣管與食道之佈局

Sectional Anatomy of Upper Mediastinum

摘要


位於心臟上方之食道、氣管、主動脈、上腔靜脈與肺動脈等血管和其主要分枝、會合枝,是臨床醫學影像常見的重要結構。但對於放射科系學生,乃至於第一線放射師、及其他相關醫療從業人員,卻常常會有不得其門而入的困擾,故本文以分析這些大血管的基本解剖走向,並且探討食道、氣管佈局,再運用自我雙手摸擬,建立動、靜脈立體佈局的三度空間觀念。依此邏輯,不論是軸位取像,或是矢狀、冠狀影像,甚至於其他成像角度,都能夠對其在於影像呈現的變化上,有一基本判斷的依據。

關鍵字

主動脈 肺動脈 上腔靜脈 氣管 食道 雙手摸擬 軸位 矢狀面 冠狀面

並列摘要


The upper mediastinum which conatins large bloods vessels, trachea, and esophagus is common in clinical medical images. It is difficult for medical students, radiological technicians, and other people who work in hospital to realize the signs of this region from medical images. This article analyzes the basic dissection trend of these trunks, and also discusses the layout of the esophagus and the trachea. Finally, we utilize the self-both hands simulation to establish three-dimensional layout of these blood vessels. According to these conceptions, we can figure out the structure signs basically from the axial pictures, sagittal planes, or coronal sections.

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