- 期刊
Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitans in Juvenile Periodontitis
局部型年青性牙周炎
摘要
年青性牙周炎,目前被認識是一種發生在患者牙周組織進行性做壞相當快遠之牙周病變。根擴流行病學的研究閣示,年齡介世10˜19 歲的患者, 其發生率大約在0.1 ~0.3 %之間。許多研究報告均認為染色體隱性遺傳,性連遺傳,嗜中性白血球功能不全,細菌交叉性感染,免控功能的缺陷等,都可能是病發的因素。局部型年青性牙周炎(以下簡稱本症)其病灶中之細菌有別於一般其他類型之牙周疾病,本症的牙菌斑很薄；從病灶區內牙菌斑的細菌培養結果,顯示以Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans(Aa)和Capnocytophaga兩種佔最大的比例。本症患者血中多形核嗜中性白血球的趨化性與正常者比較而言,也有明顯下降的趨勢。患者體內對Aa誘發抗體的發生反應是本症最具典型的特徵;許多的研究也誼賓本症患者血漿、牙齦縫液及唾液中抗Aa抗體呈有意義的上升,包括對Aa-白血球毒素在內;而30%以下正常人或其他型式牙齦炎、牙周炎患者血中含有中和毒素抗體,而其抗體效應與局部型年青性牙周炎比較而言,均星有意義的偏低。Aa在年青性牙周炎的病因學所佔的角色及機轉尚未明白,然而我們已知道Aa具有許多生樹活性的物質,本文對Aa的特性作深入的探討,並撞出Aa在年青性牙周炎的病調發展上所扮演的角色的假說,且作為今後研究的開始。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
Juvenile periodontitis is a relatively rare form of periodontal disease associated with extensive alveolar bone destruction about one or more teeth in young individuals (10-19 years). Although the mechanism(s) responsible for tissue injury is not known, it has been suggested that infection byspecific organisms, at least during some stage(s), may be a major factor contributing to the pathogenesis of juvenile periodontitis. Actinobacillus actinomy-cetemcmitans has been isolated in relatively high concentration from the inflammed gingival pockets of juvenile periodontitis patients and is now believed to be associated with the pathogenesis of this disease. Although it is not clear how A. actinomycetemcomitans contributes to the development of juvenile periodontitis. it is known that this organism produces several biologically active mediators. This review examined evidence for essentiality of A. actinomycetemcomitans in juvenile periodontitis.