- 期刊
賴和漢詩中的“酒”字探析－兼論其生命觀與處世哲學
The Research of the Character of wine Presented in Lai-ho's Traditional Poem
摘要
賴和，號懶雲，日治時期台灣文學家，人稱「台灣新文學之父」、「詩醫」－他是醫生，是小說家，更是一位詩人！本文的寫作目的，主要以賴和古典詩中提及「酒」字方面的詩作爲素材，探討「酒」在賴和詩文中與生活中的意義，進一步探討賴和先生對生死問題的觀感，與思想中對于歸隱自然的嚮往，以瞭解賴和先生的生命哲學，與其對魏晋時期詩人的精神認同。本文分成下列五節來加以論述，分別是：一、前言；二、「酒」在賴和漢詩中的特殊意義；三、賴和的生命觀；四、賴和對魏晉詩人的精神認同；五、結語。透過本文論述，我們發現在賴和的漢詩中，有和魏晉名士那種「痛飲酒」的人格特質極爲相似的心路歷程，亦可見出一種充滿感傷的希望：希望藉著沈醉美酒之中，來遺忘世俗與現實世界的苦痛，也期盼能夠追尋真實的自我，來求得精神上的超越，重獲心靈的自由。用世的賴和、深情的賴和、超逸的賴和，可說與魏晉名士的精神甚為相契。詩與酒，是自古以來文人的典型標幟，有詩自當有酒，有酒亦當有詩，對賴和來說，飲酒，可說是一種獨特的人生方式；飲酒，也是一條使人返歸自然本我的途徑！飲酒不但是賴和消愁解悶、追求精神超越的方式，也是賴和詩文的催化劑；反映了賴和內心沉重的時代感傷，亦透露了賴和的生命觀，顯示出賴和對魏晋詩人的精神認同與對歸隱自然的嚮往。
並列摘要
Lai-ho, writing under the pseudonym of ”slothful cloud”, a writer of Taiwanese Literature in Japanese colonial period, was known as the pioneer of Taiwanese New-Literature as well as the Doctor poet. Moreover, he was a doctor, novelist and poet! The purposes of this article are to collect the issue related to wine represented in Lai-ho's poems and articles, and to discuss the metaphor as well as the special meaning of wine involved in his life. Furthermore, to understand his philosophy about life and his approval to the literary and poetic spirit in ”Wei-Chin” dynastic period, this article explores his personal opinions toward the questions of death and life, and expresses his wish to live in seclusion. We will start with an introduction in section one, interpret the special meaning of ”wine” in Lai-ho's traditional poems in section two, deduce Lai-ho's life philosophy in section three as well as Lai-ho's agreement with literary and poetic spirit in ”Wei-Chin” dynastic period in section four, and give the conclusion in section five. Through these discussions, in Lai-ho's poems, we can find his ”booze-up” personality, which was very similar to the spirit of artists at Wei-Chin dynasty, and his blue wishes-keeping on drinking to search for his real mind, to release the pain and suffering caused by the real world, to aspire spiritual achievement, and to gain the final freedom. Humane, affectionate, and unworldly as Lai-ho was, his characters represented the spirit of artists in Wei-Chin dynasty. Poems and wine were classical symbols for classic artists. Wherever wine existed, there were poem creations, and vice versa. For Lai-Ho, enjoying the wine is a very special lifestyle, and a path to return to his innocence self. By drinking deep, he not only removed all sadness, but also activated his poem creations and pursued spiritual emancipation. Besides, drinking reflected his sadness toward the age's tragedy and revealed his opinions toward the life. These all indicate his agreement with the spirit of poets in Wei-Chin dynasty.