預測動態車輛傳動皮帶斷裂之研究

A Study of Breakdown Prediction for Transmission Belts of Moving Vehicles

楊善國(Shan-Kuo Yang) ； 余國鋒(Gwo-Feng Yu)

《中華民國振動與噪音工程學會論文集》 2007 (2007/06) Pp. 309-317

https://doi.org/10.30028/CSSVANNUAL.200706.0309

摘要

傳動系統在車輛內部結構中供應汽車的動力，有效地將動力由傳動軸傳送至驅動元件。汽車皮帶係利用摩擦作為傳動媒介的機械元件，目前汽車皮帶大都採用時基式的維護(Time-Based maintenance)，而時基式的維護是以汽車皮帶壽命的平均值作為更換與否之依據。由於所有產品均有良率的問題，所以通常時基式的維護會產生汽車皮帶壽命於平均值到達前中止，造成傳動系統失靈；以及汽車皮帶壽命到達平均值時仍具有一定強度，若將皮帶更換，將會造成材料的浪費等問題。本研究為改善上述兩大缺點，採用狀態基式的維護(Condition-based maintenance)。汽車皮帶長時間運轉所產生之材料疲勞、磨耗、延伸與潛變，均是產生汽車皮帶失效的可能原因。本實驗選用TES-1358噪音計量測運轉中汽車皮帶所發出噪音之頻率與振幅值，並且使用CD3-80N位移計量測汽車皮帶的厚度變化量。量測所得之訊號傳送至資料擷取器並建立資料庫，透過分貝運算與統計學之資料處理方法，可得知當汽車皮帶磨耗達約1.25mm時會產生第一條完整的疲勞裂縫，及當汽車皮帶失效時不同頻率產生不同噪音變化等失效前之特徵，進而據此達成狀態基式之維護措施。

關鍵字

汽車皮帶 ； 疲勞 ； 潛變 ； 噪音量測 ； 預防保養

並列摘要

The transmission system of a vehicle supplies power to the vehicle, and a belt can transmit power from a transmission shaft to driving elements efficiently. The vehicle belt acts as a transmission media by using friction. Most of the drivers maintain vehicle belts by the way of Time-Based maintenance so far, and Time-Based maintenance is a way to know when is the average timing to change a new vehicle belt. Due to all of the products have quality problems, Time-Based maintenance will cause the problem that the system of transmission fails before the life of vehicle belt is terminated. Furthermore, if the vehicle belt is still functional, and then the drivers change the vehicle belt, that may cause the material wasting. To avoid the drawbacks above, Condition-Based maintenance is a better strategy than Time-Based maintenance. The long operating of vehicle belt will have material be produced fatigue, abrasion, extension and creep. This study adopts the TES-1358 Noise Meter to measure the various of frequencies and amplitudes of the operation noise, and the CD3-80N Displacement Meter to measure the thickness variation of the vehicle belt. The data of measuring are sent to the data processor and to built the whole data. Through the methods of decibel calculation and statistics, we will know that when the vehicle belt is abrasion above 1.25mm, the vehicle belt will produce the first whole breaking stripe. Simultaneously, the vibration of the belt will produce different frequencies of different amplitudes. Therefore, both phenomenons of the vehicle belt being abrasion above 1.25mm and producing the first whole breaking stripe will lead the belt to fail. According to the results, the prevention of the maintenance is achieved.