- 會議論文
高速鐵路隧道出口微氣壓波評估與分析之研究
Assessment and Analysis of Micro-pressure Wave Noise at a High-speed Railway Tunnel Exit
摘要
本研究針對高速鐵路隧道出口進行低頻噪音的量測，期望藉由現地量測數據的分析，瞭解高鐵列車通過隧道口時的低頻噪音音量及其頻譜特性，提供國內相關單位於列車行經隧道時噪音防制及影響評估方面之參考。本研究內容包含高速鐵路隧道出口實測及低頻噪音理論模型探討。實測結果顯示，隧道口存在大小約為0.1 Pa的低頻噪音，頻率在5 Hz以下。這可能就是高速列車進入隧道在隧道出口產生的微氣壓波。實測結果和理論推導和數值類比相比較，兩者幅度差異大。根據所測試隧道的簡化模型進行數值模擬得到的微壓波幅度在百Pa量級，而目前實測的僅有0.1 Pa量級，相差近60-80 dB。其可能原因包括：（1）數值模擬預測的微氣壓波是在隧道口的，而實測是在距離隧道口約22 m處；（2）隧道設計上已將可降低噪音之方法納入考量；及（3）模型推導並無法完全符合實際狀況如考量隧道洞口形狀和列車頭型等。
並列摘要
In this study, low frequency noise (micro-pressure wave) at a high-speed railway tunnel exit was measured and a theoretical model of the low frequency noise was developed. Results of the field measurement show that the low frequency noise (＜ 5 Hz) with a sound pressure of approximately 0.1 Pa was detected at the tunnel exit, which may result from the high-speed train that entered the tunnel. The noise measured in the field was much lower than that of numerical simulation. This may be due to the fact that: (1) the prediction of the micro-pressure wave by the numerical simulation was conducted at the tunnel exit, the field measurement, however, had a 22 m distance from the tunnel exit; (2) the control methods of the low frequency noise have been considered when the tunnel was constructed; and (3) some factors in the field such as the shapes of the tunnel and the train head cannot be considered by the theoretical model.