- 期刊
兩種麴菌和三種青黴菌形態學上之研究
Morphological Studies of Some Species in Aspergillus and Penicillium
摘要
將所採集的土壤樣品，用熱水處理，做分離及培養，共獲兩種麴菌和三種青黴菌，分別鑑定為費氏麴菌(Neosartorya fischeri (Wehmer) Malloch & Cain)，針刺麴菌(N. fischeri var. spinosa (Fennell & Raper) Malloch & Cain)，大孢青黴菌(Talaromyces flavus (kločker) Stolk & Samson var. macros porus Stolk & Samson)，短刺青黴菌(T. trachyspermus (Shear) Stolk & Samson)及貝氏青黴菌(Eupenicilltum brefeldianum (Dodge) Stolk & Scott。 該五種菌之形態描述，除使用光學顯微鏡外，尚以掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察子囊孢子。費氏麴菌與針刺麴菌最大之區別，係前者子囊孢子表面具連續的突起，而後者為獨立分離。大孢青黴菌與短刺青黴菌之子囊果壁，由疏鬆菌絲交織構成，子囊原基為短鏈狀，子囊孢子表面呈鈍狀突起，前者突出物之頂端，有些呈分叉；二者外觀略相似，大小、形狀卻有很大的差異。貝氏青黴菌之子囊果壁為偽薄壁細胞所組成；子囊原基由囊原菌絲分枝，長出單一子囊；子囊孢子表面有針狀、三角形、獨立之突出物。
並列摘要
Two species of Aspergilus and three species of Penicillium are isolated from the surface soil by hot water treatment. They are identified and namely: Ncosartoyra fischeri Wehmer (Aspergillus fischeri Wehmer), N. fischeri var. spinosa (Aspergillus fischeri var. spinosa), Talaromyces flavus var. macrosporus Stolk & Samson (Penieillium vermiculatum), T. trachyspermus. Stolk & Samson (P. spiculisporum) and Eupenicillium brefeldianum Dodge (P. brefeldianum), and they posses ascigerous stages. Morphologically, using the light microscope and scanning electron microscope for studying the fine strucutre of appendages on their ascospores. Both species of N. fischeri and N. fischeri var. spinosa are strikingly smiliar but the ridge of ascosporic surface are markedly different in their anastomosing or discreted spines respectively. T. flavus var. macrosporus and T. trachyspermus, the ascocarpic wall is composed of loosely interwoven hyphae and their asci are irregularly disposed and produced in chains. Whereas the ascospore is discreted clavate spine except the tip of T. flavus var. macrosporus posses some dichotmously branching spines but their size and shape are very conspicuously different. Cleistothecia of E. brefeldianum are made of pseudoparanchymatous cells, ascus initial are borne singly on short branches of ascogenous hypha ascospore broadly lenticular, sometimes have an equatorial furrow and bearing triangular spine on its spore surface.