- 期刊
Solid Fermentation by Air-Solid Fluidized Bed
氣固態流床之固態醱酵
摘要
靜置固態醱酵難以控制其溫度及濕度，因而限制固態醱酵的堆積厚度；而氣固態流體床有益於基質混合及氧氣供給。作者建立上寬下窄之圓錐狀流體床之醱酵槽，配合溫濕度控制作為培養Aspergillus sojae生產各類酵素的研究。在16公升之流體床醱酵槽，內裝3公斤能通過28篩孔之小麥麩，水份調節於40%，接種6g A. sojae，於33℃培養60小時，技術上一切正常，鹼性蛋白脢及汰脢分別為傳統固態醱酵法之5及10倍，細胞生質量也較高。以掃瞄式電子顯微鏡觀察，此方法培養之菌絲較厚並可穿入小麥麩的孔洞中；細胞個體較小，但細胞數多達20倍，此小細胞粒線體很大，單位細胞體積之粒線體數也多達兩倍；其細胞色素為氧化態，不同於傳統醱酵之細胞的細胞色素為還原態；此外這些小細胞之葡萄糖消耗速率很低，顯示細胞生長效率高，而其氧氣的消耗速率也較高。在3000公升的同型式醱酵槽試驗，酵素生產情形與16公升的醱酵槽類似。若以生產鹼性蛋白脢所需花費計算，依此方法所需成本只需靜置固態醱酵之l/7。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
The disadvantage of static solid culture is its difficulty in controlling the temperature and moisture, thus limits thickness of fermentation layer. An air-solid fluidized bed is characterized as perfect mixing in solid phase and high rate of oxygen supply. We design an air-solid fluidized bed fermentor investigated the enzyme production by cultivating Aspergillus sojae. A 16 1 bench scale fluidized bed type fermentor. Three kg of ground wheat bran passed through mesh sieve was sterilized and charged as substrate. The moisture level reached to 40%. SiX g of seed mold A. sojae was inoculated cultured for 60 h at 33 C. Alkaline proteinase activity peptidase activity were 5 times and 10 times, respectively, for fluidized bed culture in compare to conventional culture. In fluidized bed culture, a little bit thicker hyphae penetrated or invaded into the pore of wheat bran. The cells for fluidized bed culture were smaller than those for submerged culture. In small cell, very large mitochondoria were observed and number of mitochondria per unit volume were roughly twice that of that large cells. The small cells were adapted highly to aerobic condition. Cytochromes of large cells were in reduced form while those of small cells were in oxidized form.