角色壓力與職場退縮傾之研究－以心理資本為調節變項

當角色壓力形成時，個人必須投入資源來因應壓力，但當資源減少時，個人為了避免資源損失的威脅，在面對壓力狀況下，可能會產生職場退縮傾向來避免有價值資源的耗盡，無論是何種形式的職場退縮，皆會對組織生產力及相關行政費用支出造成影響。本研究以公部門編制內現任職務三個月以上的正式員工為研究對象，並以便利抽樣分析317份有效問卷。資料分析指出角色壓力會正向影響職場退縮傾向；心理資本會強化角色壓力與工作行為間的關係，但會減緩角色壓力與缺勤、角色衝突與職業退縮傾向間的關係。基此，建議公部門推動壓力調適方案，以降低角色壓力；提供心理資本介入方案，以心理資本訓練幫助員工有效地管理壓力；執行職務輪調，改善工作品質等管理實務建議。

關鍵字

角色壓力；心理資本；職場退縮傾向

並列摘要

When individuals develop the role stress, they would resort to personal resources to respond. However, when personal resources decrease in quantity, individuals who are subject to stress tend to withdraw from work to avoid exhaustion. Any form of withdrawal from work can negatively affect organizational productivity and cause companies relevant administrative expenses. This study employed convenience sampling to recruit full-time employees as research participants, and 317 questionnaires were collected for follow-up data analysis. The analyses indicated that role stress positively affected participants' tendency to withdraw from work. Meanwhile, psychological capital enhanced the relationship between role stress and negative work behaviors while it decreased the association among role stress, absenteeism, role conflict, and work withdrawal tendency. It's suggested that government sections concerned implement stress-reduction policies to decrease the amount of role stress experienced by employees. Furthermore, the plan intended for the intervention of human capital should be offered to effectively assist employees to deal with stress. Meanwhile, a fair system of position rotation should be established so that the quality of work can be enhanced.

並列關鍵字

Role Stress ； Psychological Capital ； Job Withdrawal Intention

參考文獻

Wang, Z. Y., Liu, H. B., Yu, H. J., Wu, Y. W., Chang, S., & Wang, L. 2017. “Associations between occupational stress, burnout and well-being among manufacturing workers: mediating roles of psychological capital and self-esteem.”Bmc Psychiatry, 17, 10. doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1533-6

王聖文、張政治、狄懋昌、沈宗仁，2008，〈體育行政人員角色衝突與離職傾向關係之研究〉，《運動知識學報》，5：333-341。