甲骨文所反映殷商社會制度之探究

An Exploration of Shang Dynasty's Social System as Reflected in the Oracle Bones

盧采婕(Tsai-Chieh Lu) ； 傅榮珂(Rong-Ko Fu)

《嘉義大學通識學報》 2期 (2004/12) Pp. 81-107

https://doi.org/10.7042/JYDXTSXB.200412.0081

摘要

甲骨文之發現為中國近代學術史上之一件大事，最早被發現於今河南省北部安陽市西北郊之小屯村。此地原是商代後期國都，史稱之為「殷」，《史記•殷本紀正義》引《竹書紀年》曰：「自盤庚徙殷至紂之滅，二百七十三年更不遷都。」是以商又稱之為「殷商」。殷墟甲骨文乃殷商考古中最重要發現之一；近百年來學者對甲骨文之搜集、整理、釋讀與研究，已取得豐碩之成果。而出土之卜骨、卜甲，其刻辭內容包含甚廣，舉凡祭祀、天象、田獵、農業、征伐、王事等，對古史之研究甚有助益，而從甲古文之深入研究，對殷商社會之歷史與制度，當可更能豁然明白，今試就甲骨文之刻辭，以探究殷商之奴隸、農業、畜牧業、青銅業、商業、交通等各項制度。

關鍵字

甲骨文 ； 甲骨卜辭 ； 殷墟甲骨 ； 奴隸 ； 殷代社會

並列摘要

The discovery of the oracle bones of the Shang Dynasty is one of the major developments in the academic history of modern China. First uncovered in a small village in northen Henan Province, which was judged by Su Ma-Qian, the author of The Historical Records, to be the capital of the late Shang Dynasty for 273 years, the oracle bones have been collected, classified, and interpreted by scholars in the past one hundred years. The scripts on the bones and shells were relevant to the worshipping practices, astronomy, hunting, farming, battles, and royal families of the Shang Dynasty. The bones and shells provide a new window to the history and the social systems of the ancient dynasty. The purpose of this study is to examine the carved scripts on the oracle bones and shells in order to explore the social systems of Shang Dynasty, including slavery, agriculture, animal husbandry, metal production, commerce, and transportation.

並列關鍵字

Tortoise shell script ； Oracle bones ； slavery ； Shang Dynasty

參考文獻

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