生命教育之儒學闡釋－孔孟仁義思想的現代意義

本文旨在說明「生命教育」的研究非是單一概念，而是多元觀念，若以儒家哲學探討之，則教育學子不僅是客觀知識的賦予，亦應包含德性生命的啟發。本文乃分析孔子與孟子對仁與義的敘述，指出孔孟仁義思想作為倫理學或道德哲學，不僅是實踐哲學之理解，更蘊含哲學實踐之充盡其極。易言之，概念之辯析固然有助於瞭解人的種種生命面貌與表現，然而生命之價值與意義，以及是非善惡之存在，非是僅止於論說或視為知識客體，而應在道德實踐中證成其為真，此即使價值實踐的意義能夠進入到生活世界中，令生命充實而有光輝。根據前述觀點，本文乃具體回應生命教育之施行所設定的課程中，「哲學與人生」是闡釋仁義價值觀的人生智慧在實現人的尊嚴，並啟發學生以義利之辨與義命關係面對人生各種困境與試煉。而在「道德思考與抉擇」的課程方面，除了教授仁義思想作為道德判準外，思辨價值實踐能力之根源，呈顯道德之實踐性，以致推擴至極，與天地萬物形成價值關係，更是教育仁義思想之真義。是以本文結論，從孔孟仁義思想的理論開放性而言，儒學即涵蘊生命教育。

關鍵字

生命教育；仁義；仁心；義理；禮；道德生命；哲學實踐

並列摘要

My purpose of thesis is to demonstrate that life education is not single concepte, but multiple perspective. And if study life education by confucianism, we'll find life education is not only learning knowledge, but also enlightening student's moral life. Therefore my thesis has three demonstration. Firstly, analysis Confucius and Mencius'benevolence(仁) and righteousness(義) thinking, illustrates benevolence and righteousness thinking not only as moral philosophy and ethics, but also emphasis on philosophical practise. Secondly, the life with benevolence and righteousness is related to the world, and making the life world full of meaning. Thirdly, respond to courses of life education, benevolence and righteousness thinking that in course of philosophy and life establishes values, distinguishes what is right and what is wrong, and it lead us to face to all kinds of difficulties. About the course of moral thinking and choices, according to the benevolence and righteousness thinking, we can make moral judgment, thinks about the original of values, and it makes us form relations to cosmos. Finally, I come to the conclusion that Confucius and Mencius' benevolence and righteousness thinking imply the life education.