- 期刊
《老子》與超個人心理學之人格類型比觀
The Comparison of the Personality Types between Lao Tzu and Transpersonal Psychology
摘要
近代西方心理學不僅在台灣蓬勃發展，與經濟學並列台灣兩大「顯學」，而且人格心理學在歷經四個思潮的變革後，其中第四思潮的超人本心理學（超個人心理學），和中國傳統經典對於人的觀察和所反映出來的「心的文化」（徐復觀語）有很多相應處，心理學者李紹崑即指出這是中西方文化會通的契機因綠，不過關於中西方這樣殊途而同歸的發展，國內心理學界較少論及，研究中國思想的學界也闡論不多。因此本文的重心即在於比較先秦道家《老子》和西方超個人心理學關於人格類型的討論，旨在藉由中西方人格類型的異同探析其所反映的思想和文化問題，希望透過中西人格類型的比觀和會通，吸納西土人格理論的汁蜜以滋養豐富自家文化，並為建構國情化的心理學提供可能的方向。
並列摘要
Contemporary Western psychology is highly developed in Taiwan, and along with Economics, it has become an important field of study in Taiwan. Under the evolutions of the four forces in modern psychology, Transpersonal Psychology, which is development in the fourth force, reveals many coherences with the observations of human beings and the culture of mind (Hsu Fu-kuan) reflected in Chinese Classics. Li Shao-kun, a scholar of psychology, indicates that this is an opportunity for Western and Chinese cultures to communicate with each other. The studies of the similar development of both the West and the Orient, however, are rarely found in either the domestic researches of psychology, or the researches of the Ancient Chinese Thoughts. Thus, this essay aims to compare Lao Tzu to Transpersonal Psychology on the discussions of personality types. By analyzing the problems of thoughts and culture reflected from the differences and the similarities between Chinese and the Western personality types, the comparison and the understanding of the Western personality theories in this essay will provide a possible direction for developing a psychological theory in agreement with the local culture.