- 期刊
論程頤《易傳》對卦名及卦爻辭中喻象的義理詮釋
To Discuss Cheng-Yi "Yi-Zhuan" the Meaning Elaboration of Metaphor for Gua-Ming and Gua-Yao Phraseology
摘要
《周易》的六十四卦是由基本八卦〈乾〉、〈坤〉、〈坎〉、〈離〉、〈艮〉、〈兌〉、〈震〉、〈巽〉所組合而成，此八卦分別象徵了自然界中的「天」、「地」、「水」、「火」、「山」、「澤」、「雷」、「風」等「物象」，其又分別象徵了「健」、「順」、「險」、「明」、「止」、「悅」、「動」、「人」等「意義」。卦爻辭作者的「觀物取象」、「制器取象」，其中有許多的物象是來自自然及有關人類本身或社會的物象，而「觀」是卦爻辭作者的內心與外在事物的聯繫，「觀」可視為是一種「觀照」，其中也不排除認識，選取的物象，可能具有某些類似性，其中包括約定俗成與任意性，此種特色呈現一種朦朧、神秘的特性。由對物象的「觀照」而上升到義理「觀念」（指意義）的闡發。程頤所言之「體用一源，顯微無問」，講的就是易之理與易之象，所以本文將以卦名與卦爻辭的「象」與「義」三大部分來做說明，著重在用以作為譬喻的物象分析上，其中爻辭的部分，由於譬喻的物象很多，故分成「動物類」、「植物類」、「大地類」、「顏色類」、「人體類」、「家庭用品類」等六小部分來作說明。研究成果將對於程頤《易傳》中之「象」與「義」的關係有更進一步的瞭解。
並列摘要
The sixty-four gua from ”Zhou-Yi” is assembled basically from ba-gua, qian, kun, kan, li, gen, dui, zhen and xun, this ba-gua individually symbolized the appearances of tian, di, shui, huo, shan, ze, lei, and feng in the natural world. Also it separately stands for jian, shun, xian, ming, zhi, yue, dong, ru and so forth. The author of Gua-Yao phraseology, said ”view the things to image”, ”make the things to view”, many situations come from natural and relevant human beings and society, also ”guan” is the connection between inner of Gua-Yao phraseology author and outer things, ”guan” is specified one kind of ”guan zhao”, it does not exclude reorganization, electing situations, probably come with similarity, it contains established by usage and haphazard, this kind of feature present one kind of haze and secret character. From the physical ”guan zhao” to the logicalness ”guan nian. As Cheng-Yi (程頤) stated” ti yong yi yuan, xian wei wu jian” it means that easy logic and easy image, therefore, this article is to illustrate ”Xiang” and ”Yi” on three portions from Gua-Ming and Gua-Yao phraseology, it emphasized the analysis of metaphorical things, as for Yao phraseology portion, due to being lots of metaphorical things, it itemized ”animal category”, ”plant category”, ”land category”, ”color category”, human being category ”household appliances” by six parts for further explanation. The researched result will have further understanding for the relation between ”Xiang” and ”Yi” of Cheng-Yi ”Yi-Zhuan”(易傅).