- 期刊
海水與鄉愁：從馬華詩人方路的《卵生鄉愁》看東南亞華人情懷
Dwelling in Nostalgia and Waters through Fanglu's "Oviparous Homesickness"
摘要
東南亞華文文學總會與文化母體、離散、文化中心或邊緣這類命題掛鉤。這個區域的華文文學在文化語言方面的雙重身份定位在所難免。談到鄉愁，早期移民、移民二代以及新移民的作品中往往都會指向大陸。然則，也因著東南亞各國本身的在地性、各不相同的宗教環境及風情人物，作為有獨立性的東南亞華文文學，其鄉愁的意象及命題也不一定很中國。以大馬華人詩人方路為例，他的《卵生鄉愁》裡提到的不是龍骨而是虎骨，沒有青山只有擱淺的殘舟。詩裡寫海水、寫魚、寫眼淚，全然是本土的文學創作意象。本文將以言（文辭）、象（意象）、情（情感）、志（思想）等方面，探索方路《卵生鄉愁》詩中屬於東南亞的鄉愁情懷。
並列摘要
Chinese literature in Southeast Asia has often explored the themes of motherland and diaspora, in cultural centre-peripheral narratives. Dual identity sentiments are deliberately woven into Chinese literary works of the region to express the feelings of early Chinese migrants, their descendants, and new Chinese immigrants' nostalgia related to Mainland China. Despite having settled into new homes, these migrants hold strongly to their cultural traditions but inevitably embrace some local cultures, lifestyles, and religious practices, celebrated in Southeast Asian Chinese literary works that highlight the uniqueness of each country in the region. However, the nostalgic motifs have evolved, representing a departure from literary works in the country of origin, evident from the figurative language. Renowned Malaysian Chinese poet Fang Lu, for instance, has coined the phrase, "tiger bones" instead of adopting "dragon bones." Besides, his homesickness, described in terms of the boat and seashore of his home state, evokes different emotions in the readers compared with the mountain landscape allusions favoured by Mainland Chinese poets. His award-winning "Oviparous Homesickness" is replete with vivid imagery of waves, fishes, and tears of the fishermen, highly relatable to locals who live by the sea. This article examines the poem from four aspects, namely, language (L), representation (R), affect (A), and motif (M). It concludes with the discovery of a nostalgia marked by a unique soul and ardour, characteristic of Southeast Asians.