- 期刊
婦女、性別及其他：近廿年中國大陸和香港的近代中國婦女史研究及其發展前景
Women, Gender, and Others: Research on Modem Chinese Women's History in Mainland China and Hong Kong during Recent Twenty Years and Its Prospective Development
摘要
近年中國大陸和香港的婦女史研究者都強調本土探索的重要性，並對西方女性主義史學作出檢討。在婦女史的發展方興未艾之時，性別史的研究方案亦已提出。大陸在八○年代後的民間研究令婦女運動史在黨史的傳統之外有了反思餘地，社會史的興起可說提供了一條從黨史到人民史的出路。在理論和方法學方面，近年最顯著的是對「社會性別」觀念的引入，但有關分析架構仍有待應用於實際研究。香港的研究則在文化史和社會史方面的成果較豐，在社會科學和性別研究的影響下，已較早地注意到科際整合、理論探索和性別視野的重要性。中西文化交接的語境，也造就了當地中外學者對女性主義、現代／後現代性、後殖民理論等的研判。有關發展能否帶來突破，還得拭目以待。 今天兩地的婦女史家均提倡婦女史與性別史並進，並指出中國和華人女性主體的多元建構性、流動性和複雜性，以及性別與階級、種族或其他社會關係間互動的可能。可預見的是，社會性別的概念將刺激大陸學者對中國民族主義和現代性的反思，後殖民理論則可繼續用以分析香港的殖民主義現代性與中國傳統父權文化間的互動。我們還得「賦性別關係以歷史性」，來檢驗宏觀理論的適切性，並對歷史有更全面的認識。這正是近代中國婦女史研究對世界史壇和性別學範式的啟示。
並列摘要
Researchers on women's history in both mainland China and Hong Kong have in recent years stressed the importance of indigenous inquiries and the reappraisal of Western feminist historiography. While women's history is still in the ascendant, the agenda for research on gender history has also been put forward. Since the 1980s, non-official academic activities have provided the field of the history of women's movement with some critical space outside the traditional domain of Party history. The rise of social history did break a new path to people's history from Party history. In theoretical and methodological aspects, the most remarkable recent development is the introduction of the concept of gender. The analytical framework concerned however is yet to be applied to research practices. In Hong Kong, cultural and social historians produced more fruitful products than did others. Under the influence of social sciences and gender studies in earlier days, emphasis has long been placed upon interdisciplinary collaboration, theoretical exploration, and the perspective of gender. Hong Kong' intercultural context is also conducive to critical studies of feminism, modernity/post-modernity, and post-colonialism by Chinese and foreign scholars in the locale. Whether this can bring about breakthroughs is yet to be seen. Today, researchers on women's history in both mainland China and Hong Kong have promoted the simultaneous development of women's history and gender history, pointing out that the Chinese female subjectivity is multifariously constructed, fluid, and complex in China as well as other Chinese societies. They also call attention to the possible interactions among gender, class, race, and other social relations. It is anticipated that the gender approach may stimulate reflections on the Chinese national modernity in China, and the post-colonial conception will continue to facilitate the analysis of the interrelations between the colonial modernity and Chinese traditional patriarchal culture in Hong Kong. We still have to ”historicize gender relations” so as to test the applicability of some grand theories and to further enrich our historical knowledge as well. It is in this way that the research on modern Chinese women's history can contribute to the field of history and the paradigm of gender studies.