- 期刊
職災勞工復工後的工作能力與損失工時之關係
The Relationship between Work Ability and Loss of Working Hour of Injured Workers after Return to Work
摘要
職業災害會對職災勞工造成生理、心理與社會方面的功能損失，使職災勞工的工作能力下降，影響其工作表現。就產業的角度來看，損失工時是檢驗工作表現的常用測量概念，可進一步區分成缺勤和減效出席二個指標。本研究之目的即是在考量健康狀態的影響下，探討職災勞工的工作能力與損失工時之關係。以問卷調查方式，由受試者自填內含『工作能力指數（Work Ability Index ［WAI］）』與『健康與工作表現問卷（Health Performance Questionnaire ［HPQ］）』短版的問卷，來收集職災勞工復工後的工作能力與損失工時相關數據。分別從南部某職業傷病防治中心及北高雄二家員工人數達1,000人以上之公司等三個單位招收研究對象，共獲得91名職災勞工的相關數據。研究結果顯示91名職災勞工的工作能力指數平均得分為35.4，屬於尚可層次；過去四週平均缺勤24.1小時，減效出席的工作表現自評平均為69.8分，屬於低層次。有較高的缺勤時數者，通常傷病尚未完全康復、需再接受治療，對於健康的自評較不佳，且工作能力指數得分較低。有較高減效出席者，通常傷病尚未完全康復、受傷部位功能有改變、且有失能診斷，對於健康的自評較不佳，且工作能力指數得分較低。多元迴歸分析結果顯示WAI可以預測職災勞工的損失工時；可解釋HPQ－缺勤23%的變異量以及解釋HPQ－減效出席42%的變異量。
並列摘要
Occupational accidents may cause function loss in jniured workers' physical, psychological and social domains, which may further reduce their work ability. Loss of working hour was a popular concept for measuring job performance in industries, which can further be devided into two indicators: absenteeism and presenteeism. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between injured workers' work ability and loss of working hour after return to work with their health-related issues as moderator variables. Using survey research method, participants were asked to fill out questionnaires consisting of the Work Ability Index (WAI) and the Health Performance Questionnaire (HPQ) short vision. Data of 91 participants were collected from an institute in southern Taiwan for Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Injury and Disease and two corporations that have more than 1,000 employees in Northern Kaohsiung. The results showed that the average of WAI was 35.4 for this study with a rating of moderate work ability, the average of absence in the past 4 weeks was 24.1 hours, and the self-rated job performance of presenteeism was 69.8 which indicated low performance. Participants who had more absence hours got lower WAI score and tended to state self not yet cured and need treatment, as well as rated their health status poorly. Participants who had more presenteeism got lower WAI score as well, and also tended to state self not yet cured, have function loss, be diagnosed as having disability, as well as rated their health status poorly. The results derived from stepwise regression analysis showed that WAI can be used to predict the loss of working hours of injured workers; the WAI score was accounted for 23% of the total variance in absenteeism of HPQ and 42% in presenteeism of HPQ.