按人民依法申請行政機關作成行政處分之情形甚多,而行政機關對於上述人民依法申請作成行政處分之案件予以拒絕或消極地加以擱置者,所在多有。在二○○○年七月修正前之訴願法及行政訴訟法,對上述情形欠缺適當之救濟途徑。故於二○○○年七月修正施行之訴願法及行政訴訟法,基於「權利救濟之完整性」及「權利救濟之有效性」,就行政機關對於人民依法申請作成行政處分,而怠爲處分或拒爲處分之情形,分別新增規定人民得依法提起課予義務訴願及課予義務訴訟,以資救濟。然由於此種訴訟類型爲自國外引進之新訴訟類型,且施行時間尚屬有限,致不僅在實務運作上,或學理探討上均尚未臻於完備,自有加以探討之必要。因此,本文主要以探討課予義務訴訟之種類及其本質、課予義務訴訟與其他訴訟類型之關聯性、提起課予義務訴訟之實體判決要件及課予義務訴訟之裁判等爲研究範圍,但不包括課予義務訴願。
Article 16 of Constitution Law provides that ”The people shall have the right to present petitions, lodge complaints, and institute legal proceedings.” The article is a security of people's fundamental right to litigation. It is the effectiveness of the protection that forms the core of the right to litigation. Verpflichtungsklage is the new kind of Litigation under the Administrative Litigation Act in 2000 in Taiwan. This research is to study the theory and practice of Verpflichtungsklage. The study includes four important issues, kinds, material, elements of litigation and judgments of Verpflichtungsklage.