A great number of the records of toadstools are scattered in ancient Chinese texts, which provide references for exploring ancient Chinese people's attitudes to toadstools. These records can be catalogued into several categrories: incidents of toadstool poisoning, general descriptions of toadstools and their toxicity, discrimination of toadstools and their toxicity, toadstool poisoning sympotoms, and the discussions on the formation of toadstool toxicity (remedies for toadstool poisoning will be surveyed in another paper). Through comparing and analyzing these texts, it is found that although the ancients gave plenty of detailed accounts of toadstool poisoning sympotoms, they didn't developed authentic methods of distinguishing toadstools from edible macrofungi, which is why the incidents of toadstool poisoning occurred among the ancients from generation to generation. And, the reason why the ancient Chinese people hadn't succeeded in acquiring effective ways of curing toadstool poisioning lies in the difficulties in discrimination, as well as the fact that the ancients attributed the cause of the formation of toadstool toxicity to external fators.