古代以火授時,豳風「七月流火」及堯典「日永星火」的記載,源於古人對夏至的關注,借由太陽及大火星的相對位置來預知氣候時序。由於古今年代相距久遠,天體運行的歲差,以及多次曆法的更迭,使得原有星象與物候月令之間的關聯,已昔是今非,造成後人許多誤解。今藉由Stellarium 軟體運算,回溯「日永星火」天象,得知三代前的夏至時間是落後昏火中的,周代時則兩者相接近,到漢代時則夏至時間先於昏火中。是故,五千年來,昏火中的氣候月令,會從偏冷到偏熱,一直在潛移改變。這就證明了歲差現象的影響。運算結果得知,夏至與昏火中的時間序列曲線,在西元前八百年有一個交匯點。換言之,詩經「七月流火」,是周代七月的昏火中星象,正好也是當時之夏至特有表徵。
Antares (Alpha Scorpii) is an important summer star in Zhou Dynasty. When its position is located in the mid-sky right after sunset, it signifies the upcoming of summer solstice. Due to the precession of equinoxes and to the change of calendric system, however, it gradually losses this astronomical phenomenon in the last thousands of years. By employing the Stellarium software to recall the presence of Antares and the occurrence of summer solstice, it confirms that climatic slangs in the Book of Songs truly reflect the agriculture activities in accordance with Zhou calendar.