- 期刊
Quantitative Determination of the Zygoma with 3D Computer Tomography
利用3D斷層掃描影像來定位顴骨的位置
摘要
Background: The zygomatic complex is the most prominent part of the mid face. It is also one of the most vulnerable sites for craniofacial fractures. When fractured, functional deficit results, while asymmetry in appearance is also often complained. Therefore, it is of upmost importance to be able to accurately measure the landmarks on the zygoma in order to assess whether the displacements are significant or have been adequately reduced. Aim and Objectives: Determining a method that provides objective and quantitative measurements for the evaluation of facial bone landmarks that even new users can learn easily. Materials and Methods: We propose a method using the OsiriX® software, an open source craniofacial anthropometry technique on 3D computer tomography(CT), to evaluate both skeletal and soft tissue structures with more precision. Distance between the zygion and the nasion and the maxillozygion and the nasion were measured to determine the lateral position of the zygomatic complex in the x plane. Heights in the y plane were measured from the maxillozygion to the vertex and the orbitale to the vertex. Distance between the maxillozygion and the opisthocranion defined the projection of the zygomatic complex in the z plane. All measurements were performed after 3D imaging was reconstructed and placed in the Frankfurt horizontal position. The measurements were performed repeatedly by three independent investigators. Results: The results of each measurement performed by different investigators were constant, while the differences between the measurements were no greater than 1 mm. When comparing the differences in distances on each side of the same face, results show that the face appears to be symmetrical. Conclusion: Our anthropometric method with 3D facial CT imaging by using an open source software provides a constant, accurate, and reliable assessment of the zygomatic complex. This method provides an easily accessible, objective tool to evaluate both skeletal and soft tissue landmarks in future craniofacial structure studies.
並列摘要
背景：顴骨複合體是中顏面部最突出的區域。它也是最容易發生顱面骨折的部位。一旦顴骨發生了骨折，就可能產生功能缺陷以及外觀不對稱性。因此，能夠精確定位是一個很重要的步驟，才能正確的評估顴骨的位置。目的及目標：尋找一個方式能夠以客觀又能夠定位，並且讓新手可以簡單上手的軟體來做顏面骨的測量。材料及方式：我們提出了使用OsiriX®軟體的方法來做定位的測量。這是一個開放軟體，可以用電腦斷層的影像來更精確地評估骨骼和軟組織結構。從zygion和鼻根之間的距離以及maxillozyion和nasion，可以定位顴骨複合體在x平面中的橫向位置。y平面中的高度是從maxillozygion到vertex和orbitale到vertex。maxillozygion和opisthocranion之間的距離定義了z平面中顴骨複合體的位置。所有的測量都是先把3D影像重建後並且擺置於法蘭克福水平位置之後再進行所有測量。這些距離則是由三名獨立研究人員重複進行測量。結果：即使是由不同研究者執行的測量，每次測量的結果都是恆定的，而測量之間的差異不大於1mm。當比較同一面部兩側的距離差異時，結果表明面部看起來是對稱的。結論：我們藉由使用開放軟體進行3D顏面部電腦斷成影像的人體測量方法提供了一個對顴骨複合體有準確和可靠的評估方式。此軟體提供了一種易於取得的客觀評估方式，在未來顱顏結構研究的上能夠用來評估骨骼和軟組織的位置。