Photo-and Dark-Isomerization of Maleic Acid into Fumaric Acid and the Possible Effect of Background Radiation Energy

順反丁烯二酸之光化學的異性化及背效輻射能之影響

魏喦壽(Ngan-Shou Wai) ； 洪楚璋(Tsu-Chang Hung)

《中央研究院化學研究所集刊》 4期 (1961/06) Pp. 1-15+69-72

https://doi.org/10.6522/BICAS.1961.4.1

摘要

Maleic和Fumaric酸都是丁烯二酸，因為它們構造式中的羥基互相是順與反，所以彼此稱為順與反的異構物。這種異構物的形成，是由於二個碳原子的雙鍵不能自由旋轉。但是如果要使順，反丁烯二酸的雙鍵可以互相自由的旋轉，使順丁烯二酸轉變成反丁烯二酸，那麼必須在雙鍵的地方加入外來的能量。如果在給予能量之前，加入少量溴水，相信反應的速度更為增進。本實驗的目的，除了探測順反丁烯二酸轉變的過程中，需要吸收光能的量子數和量子效率外，並且進一步在鉛箱和木箱中，比較反丁烯二酸（Fumaric Acid）的生成量，由於這種生成量，我們可以推論背效幅射能（Back-ground Radiation Energy）對於這項反應的影響，同時可以更進一步探測我們日常生活中在地球表面上從沒有注意過的射來的宇宙線是否也在參加這項化學反應。

並列摘要

Both maleic and fumaric acids are ethylene. I ,2-dicarboxylic acids (HOOO-OH=OH-OOOH) and two geometrical isomers, cis and trans configurations of the two carboxyl groups in their structures. It is obvious from an inspection of these structures that it is impossible for the two carbon atoms, which are joined by a double bond, to rotate freely each other. Energy must be added to the double bond so as to carry on the cis-trans reaction (3). More energy is added, more reactions it will accelerate. It was known before that the cis. trans reaction might be catalysed by a trace of bromine (8). The purpose of the present paper was to determine the quantum yield during the transformation of maleic acid into fumaric acid through the irradiation with ultraviolet light and to compare the quantities of fumaric acid transformed during the storage of maleic acid solution in the dark boxes made of wood with that made of lead. The possible effect of background radiation energy on the chemical reaction was discussed.