Chemical Nutrients and Apparent Oxygen Utilization in the Sea Water Surrounding Taiwan

臺灣沿海化學營養鹽與有效氧利用之研究

洪楚璋(Tsu-Chang Hung) ； 蔡敬弘(Charley C. H. Tsai)

《中央研究院化學研究所集刊》 27期 (1980/03) Pp. 33-43

https://doi.org/10.6522/BICAS.1980.27.6

摘要

由民國六十二年八月至六十八年七月先後使用九連研究船及漁船四十五航次調查臺灣沿海海水之化學營養鹽，水溫，鹽度及溶氧量。分析統計結果，發現臺灣沿海含亞硝酸鹽、硝酸鹽、磷酸鹽及矽酸鹽平均分別介於0.07 ± 0.06至3.72 ± 0.64μM，1.16 ± 0.40至20.91 ± 16.15μM，0.45 ± 0.28至6.23 ± 0.93μM，及0.52 ± 0.16至34.54 ± 41.02μM，其中以冬季含營養鹽最高。使用熱力學公式（Van't Hoff公式及Setchenow關係）計算海水飽和溶氧量，對於分折有效氧利用及生物化學氧化有機體頗有幫助。分析結果發現南部沿海水溫較高時，有效氧利用值亦較大，反之，在北部沿海低溫時有效氧利用值較小且多小於零。有效氧利用值與再生性營養鹽呈直線關係。由此可計算出保存性磷酸鹽介於0.46 ± 0.18至5.85 ± 1.10μM之間；這些均與海水之生物活性有密切關係，且本文亦略有討論。

並列摘要

Chemical nutrients as well as water temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen in the sea waters surrounding Taiwan were summarized and discussed in forty-five cruises from August 1973 to July 1979. The average concentrations of nilrite, nitrate, phosphate and silicate ranged from 0.07 ± 0.06 to 3.72 ± 0.64 μM, 1.16 ± 0.40 to 20.91 ± 16.15 μM, 0.45 ± 0.28 to 6.23 ± 0.93 μM and 0.52 ± 0.16 to 34.54 ± 41.02 μM, respectively. Generally, high concentrations of nutrients were observed in winter season, particularly in January. The models for seasonal variation of nutrients were also studied. Van't Hoff equation and Setchenow relation were used for calculation of the accurate values of oxygen solubility which were very important for analysis of apparent oxygen utilization and the biochemical oxidation of hypothetical organic molecules. Positive and large values of apparent oxygen utilization were obtained in the high temperature of southern coastal water, and negative and small values were in the low temperature of northern coastal water. Regenerated phosphate versus apparent oxygen utilization values were good straight lines. The concentrations of reserved phosphate ranged from 0.46 ± 0.18 to 5.85 ± 1.10 μM. Generally, the low reserved phosphate region was the region of the high living biological activities.