An Etiological Study of Infectious Diarrhea in Infants and Children in Taipei Area

為了控制及治療本地區嬰幼兒腸炎，我們採取回顧式的方法進行本研究。自民國73年1月至12月，因腹瀉而前來本院門診、急診或住院的小兒科病人，如送糞便至本院檢驗室作細菌培養或Rotazyme(上標 ®)檢查者，即列研究對象。3634例送檢細菌培養中，細菌分離率爲16.8%，而278例送檢Rotazyme中腸性者爲15.1%。細菌性腸炎中，Salmonella的分離率最高(9.9%)，其次爲Campylobacter (3.8%)，Shigella (1.6%)，Aeromonas spp (0.8%)及Plesimonas (0.6%)。對於抗生素之抗藥性，Salmonella有明顯的增加，對ampicillin是51.7%，chlorampenicol爲48.6%，及trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)爲25.0%，而15%對上述的藥物皆有抗藥性。Shigella之抗藥性亦有增加,對TMP-SMX是37.5%，而其中Shigella sonnei對於TMP-SMX之抗藥性高達50%。我們認爲細菌性腸炎是本地區嬰幼兒腸炎之重要原因，但在寒冷季節，則rotavirus是重要致病原。至於Salmonella 及Shigella已有明顯增加的抗藥性，則是我們在治療病人及控制腸炎中不可忽視的重要問題。

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並列摘要

This study was conducted for the benefit of treatment and control of infectious diarrhea in this area. From January 1984 to December 1984, we studied all pediatric inpatients and outpatients who had diarrhea and whose stools had been sent for bacterial cultures and/or Rotazyme(superscript ®) testing (Abbott Laboratories) in our laboratory. The isolation rate of enteric bacterial pathogens was 16.8% of 3634 cases and the detection rate of rotavirus was 15.1% of 278 cases. Salmonella had the highest isolation rate (9.9%), followed by Campylobacter (3.8%), Shigella (1.6%), Aeromonas (0.8%) and Plesiomonas (0.6%). Salmonella was found to have an increased resistance to ampicillin (51.7%), chloramphenicol (48.6%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) (25.0%) and all the above drugs (15%). Shigella sonnei was also found to be highly resistant (50.0%) to TMPSMX. In conclusion, bacterial enterocolitis is still found to be dominant in this country. Also, rotavirus is a common illness in the cold seasons. Moreover, Salmonella and Shigella poses a serious problem as they have just recently become increasingly resistant to drugs.

並列關鍵字

Salmonella ； Campylobacter ； Shigella ； Aeromonas ； Plesiomonas ； rotavirus

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An Etiological Study of Infectious Diarrhea in Infants and Children in Taipei Area

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