Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Children

兒童肝細胞癌

張美惠(Mei-Hwei Chang)

《Acta Paediatrica Sinica》 39卷6期 (1998/12) Pp. 366-370

https://doi.org/10.7097/APS.199812.0366

摘要

肝細胞癌是人類最常見的癌症。雖然它多發生在40至60歲的成人，但是它也可以發生於兒童。兒童肝細胞癌主要發生於6歲以上的男童。受B型肝炎病毒感染以及具遺傳代謝性疾病之兒童乃肝細胞癌之好發群。來自母親的B型肝炎病毒感染是B型肝炎病毒感染好發地區之兒童肝細胞癌的主因。台灣的肝細胞癌兒童幾近百分之百爲B型肝炎表面抗原之帶原者。94%的肝細胞癌兒童的母親爲B型肝炎表面抗原帶原者。
B型肝炎預防注射是預防B型肝炎病毒相關之兒童肝細胞癌最有效的方法。1987年7月台灣開始了世界第一個全民B型肝炎預防注射之政策。＜9歲的台灣兒童B型肝炎表面抗原之帶原率，由1984年的10%，降至1994年，也就是全民B型肝炎預防注射實施後10年，的＜1%。兒童肝細胞癌之年發生率也由1974-1986年出生的6-9歲兒童的每十萬人口0.52人，降至1984-1986年出生者之每十萬人口0.13人。

關鍵字

兒童肝細胞癌 ； B型肝炎病毒 ； 母子傳染 ； 全民B型肝炎預防注射

並列摘要

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequent malignancies in humans. Although it occurs mainly in adults of 40 to 60 years of age, it may develop in children. It mainly occurs in children older than six years of age, with male predominance. Children with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and underlying metabolic diseases are the two main high risk groups for childhood HCC. HBV infection is the main cause of childhood HCC in areas hyperendemic for HBV infection. In Taiwan, nearly 100% of HCC children were hepatitis B surface antigen seropositive. Maternal transmission (94%) is the most important route of transmission of HBV infection in HCC children. For HBV related HCC in children, immunization is the most effective way for the control of childhood HCC. The first universal vaccination against HBV in the world was launched in Taiwan in July 1984. The prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigenemia in children declined from 10% in 1984, prior to the vaccination program, to ＜1% in 1994, 10 years after the implementation of the program, in children less than 9 years of age. The annual incidence of HCC in children aged 6 to 9 years of age also decreased from 0.52 per 100,000 born in 1974-1984 to 0.13 per 100,000 born in 1984-1986.

並列關鍵字

childhood hepatocellular carcinoma ； hepatitis B virus ； maternal transmission ； universal hepatitis B vaccination