Urinary Bladder Outlet Obstruction in Children

膀胱出口阻塞，不論是功能性或是結構性，均會造成膀胱結樑，膀胱輸尿管回流，水腎，以致最後腎實質損傷。假若不治療，末期衰竭便會形成。我們收集從1984年到1997年，在台大醫院17個膀胱出口阻塞的病人。討論他們初期的表現，原因及治療。神經性膀胱的病人有9個，非神經性神經性膀胱有2個，有4個病人是後尿道瓣。輸尿管囊腫及尿道橫紋肌肉瘤各有1個。最常見的臨床表現是尿道感染。我們使用腎臟超音波，泌尿動力學及排尿膀胱尿道攝影，來診斷原因及決定如何治療。總而言之，早期診斷且預防腎功能衰竭對罹患膀胱出口阻塞之小孩是很重要的。

關鍵字

膀胱出口阻塞；神經性膀胱；後尿道瓣；輸尿管囊腫；尿道橫紋肌肉癌

並列摘要

Bladder outlet obstruction, either functionally or structurally, could lead to bladder trabeculation, vesicoureteric reflux, hydronephrosis and, eventually, to renal parenchymal damage. If no treatment is given, end-stage renal failure will ensue. The cases of 17 patients of bladder outlet obstruction at National Taiwan University Hospital from 1984 to 1997 were reviewed. Initial presentation, etiology and treatment were discussed. Nine patients were victims of neurogenic bladder and two patients were victims of nonneurogenic neurogenic bladder. Four patients suffered from posterior urethral valve. Ureterocele and urethral rhabdomyosarcoma were noted in one case each. The most common clinical manifestation was urinary tract infection. Ultrasonography, urodynamic study and voiding cystourethro gram were used to delineate the cause and help to decide the appropriate treatment. In conclusion, early detection and prevention of deteriorated renal function are important for children with urinary bladder outlet obstruction.

並列關鍵字

bladder outlet obstruction ； neurogenic bladder ； posterior urethral valve ； ureterocele ； urethral rhabdomyosarcoma

國際替代計量

Urinary Bladder Outlet Obstruction in Children

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