Herbivorous Insect Causes Deficiency of Pigment - Protein Complexes in an Oval - Pointed Cecidomyiid Gall of Machilus Thunbergii Leaf

植食性昆蟲癭盡誘發紅楠葉片蟲癭色素蛋白複合體之缺失

楊棋明(Chi-Ming Yang) ； 楊曼妙(Man-Miao Yang) ； 許佳玫(Jia-Mei Hsu) ； 簡萬能(Wann-Neng Iane)

《Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica》 44卷4期 (2003/10) Pp. 315-321

https://doi.org/10.7016/BBAS.200310.0315

摘要

本研究比較紅楠（Machilus thunbergii）葉片及其上成熟癭蚋蟲癭之葉綠素生合成與崩解途徑、色素蛋白複合體及類囊膜形態。蟲癭的光合色素含量遠低於被感染葉，但花青素及單寧含量則相反。比林百分比及pheophytin/chlorophyllide比值在蟲癭及被感染葉則相差甚大，此顯示它們的葉綠素生合成與崩解途徑有很大的不同。當被感染葉以chlorophyll→pheophytin→pheophorbide為主要途徑時，癭蚋蟲癭則可能走chlorophyll→chlorophyllide→pheophorbide為主要途徑。當被感染葉擁有Thornber系統中的CPI和CPII二種色素蛋白複合體，及MARS系統中的A1、AB1、AB2及AB3四色素蛋白複合體時，成熟蟲癭則分別只含有CPII及AB3而已。電子顯微鏡顯示，成熟蟲癭仍擁有正常摺疊的葉綠餅（grana）及類囊膜形態。迄今仍未知曉此種色素蛋白複合體缺失現象是否為普遍現象，且不知癭蚋昆蟲如何導致寄主葉缺少某些色素蛋白複合體。

關鍵字

植食性昆蟲 ； 色素蛋白複合體 ； 癭盡蟲癭 ； 紅楠葉 ； 類囊膜

並列摘要

This research compared the chlorophyll biosynthetic and degradation pathways, pigment-protein complexes, and thylakoid morphology of a mature oval-pointed cecidomyiid gall and the infected leaf of host plant Machilus thunbergii Sieb & Zucc (Lauraceae). The mature gall always possesses far less photosynthetic pigment than the infected leaf. The content of anthocyanin and tannin of the gall are much higher than in the infected leaf. Both the mole percent of porphyrin and the ratio of pheophytin/chlorophyllide are much different between the gall and infected leaf, suggesting their chlorophyll biosynthetic and degradation pathways are much different. While the infected leaf may take the degradation pathway of chlorophyll®pheophytin®pheophorbide as the major route, the cicedomyiid gall may take chlorophyll®chlorophyllide®pheophorbide as the major route. The infected leaf still possesses the CPI and CPII pigment-protein complexes fractionated by Thornber system, or the A1, AB1, AB2, AB3 pigment-protein complexes fractionated by the MARS system while the mature gall contains only CPII or AB3. Electron microscopy demonstrated that the mature gall has normal grana and thylakoid morphology. It is still unknown whether the unique deficiency of pigment-protein complexes is ubiquitous and how the cecidomyiid insects cause the deficiency of some pigment-protein complexes.

並列關鍵字

Cecidomyiid gall ； Herbivorous insect ； Machilus thunbergii leaf ； Pigment-protein complexes ； Thylakoid