原生鐵炮型百合形態標誌及發育可塑性之研究

The Studies on Morphological Markers and Developmental Plasticity of Native Lilies in Taiwan

戴廷恩(Ting-En Dai) ； 侯鳳舞(Fong-Wu How) ； 許圳塗(Chou-Tou Shii)

《台灣農業研究》 54卷4期 (2005/12) Pp. 207-218

https://doi.org/10.6156/JTAR/2005.05404.01

摘要

為比較原生鐵炮型百合種原之形態變異，將台灣依離岸中央山脈地形（北部山區、中部山區、南部山區等3區域，共計19位點族群）及海岸離島地形（東北角海岸、東部海岸、離島等3區域，共計13位點族群），針對原生台灣百合及鐵炮百合以收集、保存，調查兩種間及族群間形態特性分析，並進行離場溫室栽培保存及體外限制生長保存，以做為原生種保育及於育種上利用之參考。原生百合植株高度變化大，32位點族群總平均株高由12.6±7.8cm（澳底）至135.0±49.4cm（羅娜）。離岸中央山脈19個族群其總平均株高為71.43±40.43cm，最高135.0±49.4cm（羅娜），最小21.4±5.7cm（合歡山），株高形態於族群內及族群間均呈高度變異性。海岸離島13個族群其總平均株高為32.84±17.25cm，最高51.8±23.0cm（金山），最小12.6±7.8cm（澳底），同樣顯示株高呈高度變異。葉長寬比值則呈規則性變化，32個族群以18-20為界分為兩群，比值20以上的有19個族群，18以下的有13個族群。離岸中央山脈北中南山區19個族群平均葉長寬比值為24.44±6.78，最大34.4±11.4（觀霧），最小20.1±4.7（瑪家）。海岸及離島13個位點族群平均比值為12.28±5.46，最大18.4±4.4（磯碕），最小7.0±1.5（八斗子）。商業栽培種則呈小葉長寬比值（8.6±1.6）。本研究結果顯示(1)離岸中央山脈原生台灣百合族群之形態發育可塑性大於海岸及離島區之原生鐵炮百合族群，(2)葉長寬比：18-20，可為初步區分台灣百合及鐵炮百合之依據。

關鍵字

台灣百合 ； 鐵炮百合 ； 形態標誌 ； 發育可塑性 ； 種原

並列摘要

To document the morphological diversity of L. formosanum and L. longiflorum native in Taiwan, germplasms from 32 native lilium populations were collected from two distinct geographic districts: 'Central Mountain District' (northern, central and southern area, 3 areas and 19 population sites) and 'Coast District' (northeast, east and off shore islets, 3 areas and 13 population sites). Samples were grown in green house for morphological and genetic comparison and for germplasm conservation purpose. Studying morphological characteristics of different accessions in L. formosanum and L. longiflorum native in Taiwan can provide us the needed information in conservation and breeding program. A great diversity existed in the characteristic of plant height. Mean plant height among 32 populations ranged from 12.6±7.8cm (Au-Di) and to 135.0±49.4cm (Luo-Na). Average plant height of samples from 'Central Mountain District' was 71.43±40.43cm with the max 135.0±49.4cm (Luo-Na) and the min 21.4±5.7cm (He-Huan-Shan). Average plant height of samples from 'Coast District' was 32.84±17.25cm with the maximum of 51.8±23.0cm (Jien-Shan) and the minimum of 12.6±7.8cm (Au-Di). The plant height characteristic showed a great diversity in inter- and intra-populations. Samples could also be categorized by leaf length to width ratio: nineteen populations have a value above 20 and the rest with a value below 18. Mean leaf length to width ratio of 19 samples from 'Central Mountain District' was 22.44±6.78, the max. is 34.4±11.4 (Guan-Wu), the min. is 20.1±4.7 (Ma-Ja). The total average leaf length/width ratio of 13 populations in 'Coast District' is 12.28±5.46, the max is 18.4±4.4 (Jiyi-Chi), the min is 7.0±1.5 (Ba-Dou-Tz). The results showed that samples from 'Central mountains districts' (L. formosanum) had more morphological diversity than those from 'Coast Districts' (L. longiflorum). L. formosanum and L. longiflorum can be simply distinguished by Leaf length to width ratio in a value 18-20.

並列關鍵字

Lilium. formosanum ； L. longiflorum ； Morphological markers ； Developmental plasticity ； Germplasm