銀耳多醣產品毒理及致突變性評估

Evaluation for Toxicology and Mutagenicity of Tremella Polysaccharide Extracted from Tremella fuciformis, Berk

楊淑惠(Shu-Hui Yang) ； 陳鯤兆(Kun-Chao Chen) ； 吳昭慧(Jhaol-Huei Wu) ； 廖俊旺(Jiunn-Wang Liao)

《台灣農業研究》 57卷4期 (2008/12) Pp. 243-255

https://doi.org/10.6156/JTAR/2008.05704.02

摘要

古籍記載，銀耳性味甘、平具有滋陰潤肺、養胃生津之功效。我們的研究顯示，從銀耳子實體萃取而得之銀耳多醣，可以有效改善便秘症狀，爲確保長期大量食用銀耳多醣的安全性，進而執行本次安全性實驗。安全性試驗乃依據衛生署食品安全性評估規範。首先進行銀耳多醣對大鼠（SD品系）之口服急毒性試驗，依體重經口單次餵食大鼠最高測試劑量5 g/kg體重，之後連續觀察14天。分析血液學、白血球分類及體內重要臟器變化結果顯示，全部供試大鼠均無中毒症狀或死亡，且均無出現與試驗物質有關之肉眼及組織病理變化，顯示銀耳多醣體對大鼠之口服急毒性LD50值爲大於5 g/kg體重。銀耳多醣並進行Ames試驗，對五株組胺酸缺乏之沙門氏菌TA98、TA100、TA102、TA1535及TA1537進行回復突變之致變異性實驗。試驗顯示銀耳多醣不論未經或經S9作用後與各菌株共同培養，各濃度銀耳多醣的細菌回復突變菌數與陰性對照組相比均無顯著差異，顯示銀耳多醣體對供試沙門菌株並不具有致變異性，對細菌基因回復突變測試爲陰性反應。顯示銀耳多醣爲一安全性的物質。

關鍵字

銀耳 ； 多醣 ； 大鼠 ； 口服急毒性 ； 沙門菌株 ； Ames試驗

並列摘要

According to the Chinese medicine records, Tremella fuciformis possesses some beneficial effects to lungs and stomach. Our previous study has showed that Tremella polysaccharides (TP) extracted from fruiting bodies of T. fuciformiand were effective in relieving symptoms of constipation. Present study was conducted to determine TP for toxicity in rats using acute oral toxicity test and mutagenesis in bacterial cultures of Salmonella typhimurium, using Ames test. Each rat (SD strain) was gavaged with TP at a dose of 5 g/kg body weight and then observed daily for a period of 14 days. Results showed that, compared to controls, all TP-treated rats survived after 14 days and no significant difference in body weight between treated and controls. There was no significant difference between control and TP-treated rats in hematological and biochemistry parameters, white blood cell and pathology of main internal organs. The rat feeding trial suggests that the acute oral LD50 value of TP is greater than 5 g/kg body weight. Furthermore, Ames test of TP on Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535 and TA1537 showed that, either in the presence or absence of S9 TP treatment caused no reverse mutagenicity in all five strains tested, compared to negative control. In conclusion, Tremella polysaccharides are safe based on the evidence of no acute oral toxicity on rats and no reverse mutation of strains of Salmonella typhimurium.

並列關鍵字

Tremella fuciformis ； Polysaccharides ； Rats ； Acute oral toxicity ； Salmonella typhimurium ； Ames test