砧木種類對桶柑植株生長、產量與品質的影響

桶柑嫁接於7種砧木定植於苗栗獅潭，調查砧木種類對植株生長、產量與果實品質的影響。定植後4至5年間有40.0%酸橙砧與5.6%柚砧植株因衰弱而淘汰，第7年檢定萎縮病(tristeza)，結果顯示以酸橙或柚作為砧木的植株為感病，但柚砧者較耐病，其他5種類包括酸橘、美女橘、粗皮檸檬、Troyer枳橙及Swingle枳柚作為桶柑砧木，無論感染與否，外觀均無顯著差異，應屬於耐病或抗病。定植後第5至第10年之產量，Troyer枳橙砧者最高，其次為美女橘與粗皮檸檬，Swingle枳柚與酸橙又次之，酸橘及柚最低。比較第8至第10年間之果實品質，處理間主要差異為，粗皮檸檬砧之果汁率、可溶性固形物含量及含酸量均最低，3年中分別有2年達顯著差異。品質特性之主要項目在其他6種砧木間之差異較小，其高低在各年之間也不一致。

關鍵字

桶柑；砧木；產量；果實品質；萎縮病

並列摘要

Tankan tangors grafted on seven rootstocks were planted in an orchard located in Miaoli County. The effects of rootstocks on tree growth, yield and fruit quality were investigated. 40% of the trees grafted on sour orange and 5.6% of trees on pummelo declined during the fourth and fifth year after planting. Plants were indexed for tristeza by RT-PCR in the seventh year. The results showed that trees on sour orange and pummelo were susceptible to tristeza, however pummelo was relatively tolerant. Trees on the other 5 rootstocks including Sunki, Cleopatra, rough lemon, Troyer citrange and Swingle citrumelo were tolerant or resistant. Yield was examined from the fifth to tenth year. The highest yield was found in plants grafted on Troyer, followed by Cleopatra and rough lemon, Swingle and sour orange, and Sunki and pummelo. Fruit qualities were compared from the eighth to tenth year. The major differences in fruit quality among the rootstocks were that the juice content, total soluble solid and acid content were significantly lower from trees grafted on rough lemon than on the other six rootstocks. The differences in fruit qualities among the other six rootstocks were not significant and were not consistent during the three years of investigation.

並列關鍵字

Tankan ； Rootstock ； Yield ； Fruit quality ； Tristeza

國際替代計量

砧木種類對桶柑植株生長、產量與品質的影響

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