因素型病人分類系統之建立

The Establishment of Factor Type Patient Classification Systems

徐南麗(N. L. Hsu) ； 馮容荘(R. C. Feng) ； 羅秀媛(H. Y. Lo) ； 王培文(P. W. Wang)

《護理雜誌》 43卷3期 (1996/09) Pp. 23-35

https://doi.org/10.6224/JN.43.3.23

摘要

本研究旨在建立因素型病人分類系統，以科學方法將病人需求加以分類，作為護理人力配置的參考。研究目的有(1)建立因素型病人分類量表；(2)建立四類病人之時間分類點；(3)建立因素型病人分類系統管理指標；(4)建立病人分類系統之評值指標。研究對象、時間及方法分兩階段：(1)自80年8月28日起至9月26日止，調查對象為台北某醫學中心病房之護理人員1440名，研究方法采護理人員自我記錄法及觀察法，完成269項護理活動工時測試；(2)自81年9月29日起至12月31日止，研究對象為台北某醫學中心四個一般外科病房的護理人員共71名，研究方法采工作取樣分析法及時間研究法，完成了70項護理活動時間研究與工作取樣。研究工具采用「原型病人分類量表」、「護理活動工時測試標準程序」等工具。信度采評分者信度，效度采專家效度。調查結果為：(1)訂定46項護理活動之因素型病人分類量表；(2)第一、二、三、四類病人之時間分類點分別為1.78、2.56、3.61、5.01小時；(3)建立「工作量指數」、「平均嚴重度」、「護理人力」、「護理人力成本」及「護理人力生產力」等管理指標；(4)建立病人分類系統評值指標共四大項，十五小項。本研究除可提供各醫院行政主管，做為選擇病人分類系統之考量，本研究過程亦可作為各醫院建立病人分類系統之參考。

關鍵字

病人分類系統 ； 因素型病人分類系統 ； 護理活動 ； 護理人力 ； 護理人力成本 ； 護理生產力

並列摘要

The purposes of the three years’ project were to (1) develop Factor Type Patient Classification Tool items; (2) build up four time points for 4 types of patients: (3) establish Factor Type Patient Classification management indicators; and (4) develop Patient Classification evaluation criteria. The first survey period started on Aug. 28, 1991 and ended on Sep. 26, 1991. 1,440 nurses participated in the 269 nursing activities’ time study. The second survey period started on Sep. 29, 1992 and ended on Dec. 31, 1992. Four General-Surgical units including 71 nurses participated and completed the 70 indicators nursing activities work sampling and time study. The instruments included “prototype tools”, and “nursing activity time study items and procedures”. Reliability and validity were based on inter-rater reliability and experts’ opinion. The results showed: (1) there were 46 indicators for Factor Type Patient Classification Systems (PCS); (2) four types of patients (1, 2, 3, 4) were classified by 1.78, 2.56, 3.61, 5.01 hours; (3) management indicators including workload index, acuity, nursing manpower, manpower cost, and nursing productivity were established; (4) a PCS evaluation tool was developed. The results not only can provide nursing administrators with criteria for selecting PCS, but also give a reference for building PCS in methodologies and application.

並列關鍵字

patient Classification Systems ； Factor Type Patient Classification Systems ； nursing activity ； nursing manpower ； nursing manpower cost ； nursing productivity