護理人員注意義務之個案研究

A Case Study on Duty of Care in Professional Nursing

黃惠滿(Hui-Man Huang) ； 廖娸鈞(Chi-Chun Liao)

《護理雜誌》 60卷4期 (2013/08) Pp. 76-85

https://doi.org/10.6224/JN.60.4.76

摘要

背景：由於護理工作的專業性，護理人員在執行業務中應正確履行注意義務以避免發生醫療過失。但國內護理人員醫療過失之相關文獻只有三篇，且護理人員在醫療過失中注意義務之議題缺乏研究探討。目的：⑴確認護理人員注意義務的內容；⑵探討案例中護理人員犯罪事實的認定及爭議；⑶了解案例中護理人員違反注意義務的違法行為；及⑷從法律面探討護理人員違反注意義務與犯罪結果間之法律因果關係。方法：採文獻分析法及個案研究法，解析最高法院99年度台上字第5550號刑事判決之內容。結果：護理人員注意義務內容有七種；實務中，依據不同的護理行為來對應護理人員具體的注意義務內容。本案之產科護理人員因未及時告知值班醫師前來緊急處理，違背應履行之專科護理中的注意義務，導致實害結果發生，因而被科以徒刑。結論：期望護理人員能明瞭注意義務之重要，並正確履行注意義務以避免觸犯刑法。

關鍵字

注意義務 ； 護理人員 ； 個案研究 ； 醫療過失

並列摘要

Background: Nurses are expected to discharge their duty of care effectively and professionally to prevent medical negligence. Only three articles have previously focused on medical negligence. Duty of care and medical negligence in nursing are topics that have been neglected in Taiwan.Purpose: (1) Classify the duty of care of professional nurses; (2) Investigate the facts and disputes in the current case; (3) Clarify the legal issues involved with regard to duty-of-care violations in the current case; (4) Explore the causal relationships in a legal context between nurses' duty-of-care violations and patient harm / injury.Methods: Literature analysis and a case study are used to analyze Supreme Court Verdict No.5550 (2010).Results: Duty of care for nursing professionals may be classified into seven broad categories. Each category has its distinct correlatives. In nursing practice, every nursing behavior has a corresponding duty. In this case, the case study nurse did not discharge her obstetric professional duty and failed to inform the doctor in a timely manner. Negligence resulted in prenatal death and the case study nurse was found guilty.Conclusion: In order to prevent committing a crime, nurses should gain a better understanding of their duty of care and adequately discharge these duties in daily practice.

並列關鍵字

duty of care ； nursing professionals ； case study ； medical negligence

參考文獻

陳英淙（2010）．探討醫療行為之客觀注意義務－以最高 法院九七年台上字第三四二八號判決為例．長庚人 文社會學報，3（1），147－ 169。[Chen, Y. C. (2010). Comment on objective duty of care in medical practice: Supreme court verdict no. 3428 in 2008 as an instance. Chang Gung Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(1), 147－ 169.]

黃惠滿、洪春榮、楊椒喬（2011）．信賴原則適用於醫療過 失之研究．長庚護理，22（2），164－ 174。[Huang, H. M., Hung, C. J., &Yang, J. C. (2011). Applying the principle of reliance in the crimes of medical negligence. Chang Gung Nursing, 22(2), 164－ 174.]

行政院勞工委員會（2011）．99 年職類別薪資調查報告．台 北市︰作者。[Council of Labor Affairs. (2011). Survey of income by career occupation: 2010. Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC: Author.]

汪紹銘（2004）．醫事法入門．案例．台北市︰永然文化。 [Wang, S. M. (2004). Introductory study of medical law. Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC: Yong Ran.]

李茂生（2012）．醫療事故刑事責任的判斷架構初探．於 法務部編輯，刑事政策與犯罪研究論文集（117－ 148 頁）．台北市：法務部。[Li, M. S. (2012). Criminal judgments on medical accident liability. In Ministry of Justice (Ed.), Criminal policy and criminal study (pp. 117－ 148). Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC: Ministry of Justice.]