- 期刊
數位多媒體足部潰瘍照護方案對糖尿病病人足部健康信念及自我照護行為之成效
The Effects of a Digital Multimedia Foot Ulcer Care Program on Health Beliefs and Self-Care Behaviors in People With Diabetic Foot Ulcer
摘要
背景：足部病變是糖尿病病人常見合併症之一，常導致截肢且增加日常依賴程度。有效且持續的介入方案是護理人員須面對之重要課題。目的：探討數位多媒體足部潰瘍照護方案對糖尿病病人足部健康信念及自我照護行為之成效。方法：採實驗性研究設計，以南部某區域醫院整形外科病房的第二型糖尿病病人共62人。隨機分派到實驗組（n = 31）及對照組（n = 31），實驗組接受數位多媒體足部潰瘍照護方案，病人使用手機或平板進行護理衛教共計八週。對照組接受常規糖尿病足部照護衛教單張。研究工具包含：基本人口學調查表、糖尿病足部潰瘍健康信念量表、糖尿病足部照護行為量表，於介入前、滿四週及滿八週後資料收集。資料以SPSS 22.0進行統計分析。結果：本研究中，實驗組和對照組各有30名完成介入與追蹤。在健康信念方面：實驗組於第四週和第八週後測提高分數比對照組提高分數各多3.77分和5.13分，達統計顯著差異（p = .03, p = .02），且皆大於前測值，達統計顯著差異（p < .05）。在足部自我照護行為方面：實驗組於第四週和第八週後測提高分數比對照組提高分數各多2.27分和1.83分，達統計顯著差異（p = .03, p = .05），且改變量實驗組皆優於對照組。結論／實務應用：數位多媒體足部潰瘍照護方案對糖尿病足部潰瘍病人有助於健康信念及自我照護行為的成效。建議可以運用於糖尿病病人住院時及返家後增加對足部潰瘍的照護技巧，以達到減少糖尿病足部潰瘍惡化之目的。
並列摘要
Background: Foot complications, common among diabetic patients, often lead to amputation and increased dependence on daily living assistance. Effective and sustained intervention programs are important challenges that nursing staff must address. Purpose: This study was designed to explore the effectiveness of a digital multimedia foot ulcer care program on the foot health beliefs and self-care behaviors of diabetic patients. Methods: An experimental research design was adopted, with a total of 62 patients with type 2 diabetes in the plastic surgery ward of a regional hospital in southern Taiwan enrolled as participants. The participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n = 31), which received a digital multimedia foot ulcer care program via mobile phones or tablets for eight weeks, or the control group (n = 31), which received conventional diabetic foot care education leaflets. The research instruments included a demographic questionnaire, the Diabetic Foot Ulcer Health Belief Scale, and the Diabetic Foot Care Behavior Scale. Data were collected at baseline, four weeks, and eight weeks, and were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Results: The study was completed with 30 participants in both groups. The experimental group showed significantly greater improvements in health beliefs at the fourth and eighth weeks post-assessment than the control group, with increases of 3.77 and 5.13, respectively (p = .03, p = .02). These improvements were statistically significant and exceeded baseline values significantly (p < .05). In terms of self-care behaviors, improvements in the experimental group exceeded those in the control group by 2.27 and 1.83, respectively, at four and eight weeks (p = .03, p = .05). Furthermore, the experimental group exhibited superior changes in scores compared to the control group. Conclusion/ Implications for Practice: The digital multimedia foot ulcer care program implemented in this study significantly enhanced health beliefs and self-care behaviors in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. This program may be employed during hospitalization and post-discharge to improve foot ulcer care techniques and reduce diabetic foot ulcer deterioration.